windows terminal originally basing the idea from zterm

.gitignore

@@ -9,10 +9,3 @@ target/
 
 # MSVC Windows builds of rustc generate these, which store debugging information
 *.pdb
-
-# RustRover
-#  JetBrains specific template is maintained in a separate JetBrains.gitignore that can
-#  be found at https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/main/Global/JetBrains.gitignore
-#  and can be added to the global gitignore or merged into this file.  For a more nuclear
-#  option (not recommended) you can uncomment the following to ignore the entire idea folder.
-#.idea/

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,55 +1,17 @@
-[package]
-name = "rs-pictures"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2024"
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "rs-pictures"
-path = "src/main.rs"
-
-[dependencies]
-# Wayland-native screen capture
-libwayshot = "0.7"
-
-# GUI framework (Wayland only)
-eframe = { version = "0.29", default-features = false, features = ["wayland", "wgpu"] }
-egui = "0.29"
-
-# Image handling
-image = { version = "0.25", features = ["png", "jpeg"] }
-
-# 2D rendering for effects (rounded corners, drop shadow)
-tiny-skia = "0.11"
-
-# Clipboard (Wayland)
-arboard = { version = "3.6", features = ["wayland-data-control"] }
-
-# Config serialization
-serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
-toml = "0.8"
-
-# Platform config/data directories
-directories = "5"
-
-# Error handling
-anyhow = "1"
-
-# Timestamp-based filenames
-chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["clock"] }
-
-# ── Build profiles ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+[workspace]
+members = ["winiterm"]
+resolver = "2"
 
 [profile.release]
 opt-level = 3
-lto = "thin"          # link-time optimisation across crates
-codegen-units = 1     # better inlining at the cost of compile time
-strip = true          # strip debug symbols → smaller binary
+lto = "thin"
+codegen-units = 1
+strip = true
 
-# Dev builds are slow for pixel-processing code. This gives opt-level 2
-# to our own crate only while keeping dependencies at their default (opt=3
-# they already compiled with), so incremental rebuilds stay fast.
 [profile.dev]
 opt-level = 0
 
+# Compile dependencies in release mode even in dev builds (much faster rendering)
 [profile.dev.package."*"]
-opt-level = 3         # all deps at full optimisation even in dev mode
+opt-level = 3
+

src/capture.rs

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use image::RgbaImage;
-use libwayshot::WayshotConnection;
-
-/// A rectangular region on screen in physical pixels.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
-pub struct Region {
-    pub x: i32,
-    pub y: i32,
-    pub width: u32,
-    pub height: u32,
-}
-
-/// Captures the specified region in physical pixels.
-pub fn capture_region(region: Region) -> Result<RgbaImage> {
-    let full = capture_all_outputs()?;
-
-    let px = (region.x.max(0) as u32).min(full.width().saturating_sub(1));
-    let py = (region.y.max(0) as u32).min(full.height().saturating_sub(1));
-    let pw = region.width.min(full.width() - px);
-    let ph = region.height.min(full.height() - py);
-
-    eprintln!(
-        "[capture] crop ({px},{py}) {pw}x{ph} from {}x{}",
-        full.width(), full.height(),
-    );
-
-    Ok(image::imageops::crop_imm(&full, px, py, pw, ph).to_image())
-}
-
-/// Captures all connected outputs stitched together into one image.
-pub fn capture_all_outputs() -> Result<RgbaImage> {
-    let conn = WayshotConnection::new()
-        .context("Failed to connect to Wayland display")?;
-
-    let all = conn.get_all_outputs();
-    eprintln!("[capture] outputs: {:?}", all.iter().map(|o| &o.name).collect::<Vec<_>>());
-
-    let active_name = crate::hyprland::active_monitor_name();
-    let target_output = if let Some(ref name) = active_name {
-        all.iter().find(|o| &o.name == name).unwrap_or(&all[0])
-    } else {
-        &all[0]
-    };
-
-    let rgba = conn
-        .screenshot_single_output(target_output, false)
-        .context("libwayshot failed to capture output")?
-        .into_rgba8();
-
-    eprintln!("[capture] capture_all_outputs → {}x{}", rgba.width(), rgba.height());
-    Ok(rgba)
-}

src/config.rs

@@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use directories::ProjectDirs;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use std::path::PathBuf;
-
-/// Top-level application configuration.
-/// Serialized to/from ~/.config/rs-pictures/config.toml
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Config {
-    /// Directory where screenshots are saved.
-    pub save_directory: PathBuf,
-
-    /// File format for saved screenshots: "png" or "jpeg".
-    pub save_format: String,
-
-    /// Filename template. Supports strftime-style tokens via chrono.
-    /// Example: "screenshot_%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S"
-    pub filename_template: String,
-
-    /// When true, automatically save to disk after capture without opening
-    /// the review window.
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub auto_save: bool,
-
-    /// When true, automatically copy to the clipboard after capture without
-    /// opening the review window.
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub auto_copy: bool,
-
-    /// Milliseconds to wait after launch before capturing the desktop snapshot.
-    /// Increase this if the overlay background still shows the terminal/launcher
-    /// that started rs-pictures. Default: 200.
-    #[serde(default = "default_capture_delay_ms")]
-    pub capture_delay_ms: u64,
-
-    /// If true, the selection overlay will be transparent (live preview) instead of
-    /// a frozen screenshot. The final capture happens after selection.
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub live_mode: bool,
-
-    /// Visual effects applied after capture.
-    pub effects: EffectsConfig,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct EffectsConfig {
-    /// Apply rounded corners to the screenshot.
-    pub rounded_corners: bool,
-
-    /// Radius in pixels for rounded corners.
-    pub corner_radius: f32,
-
-    /// Apply a drop shadow beneath the screenshot.
-    pub drop_shadow: bool,
-
-    /// Blur radius for the drop shadow (higher = softer shadow).
-    pub shadow_blur_radius: f32,
-
-    /// Horizontal offset of the shadow in pixels.
-    pub shadow_offset_x: f32,
-
-    /// Vertical offset of the shadow in pixels.
-    pub shadow_offset_y: f32,
-
-    /// Shadow color as [R, G, B, A] in 0..=255.
-    pub shadow_color: [u8; 4],
-}
-
-impl Default for EffectsConfig {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            rounded_corners: false,
-            corner_radius: 12.0,
-            drop_shadow: false,
-            shadow_blur_radius: 20.0,
-            shadow_offset_x: 5.0,
-            shadow_offset_y: 8.0,
-            shadow_color: [0, 0, 0, 160],
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for Config {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        let save_directory = dirs_default_pictures().unwrap_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("."));
-        Self {
-            save_directory,
-            save_format: "png".into(),
-            filename_template: "screenshot_%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S".into(),
-            auto_save: false,
-            auto_copy: false,
-            capture_delay_ms: default_capture_delay_ms(),
-            live_mode: false,
-            effects: EffectsConfig::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Config {
-    /// Returns the path to the config file, creating parent directories if needed.
-    pub fn config_path() -> Option<PathBuf> {
-        ProjectDirs::from("", "", "rs-pictures")
-            .map(|pd| pd.config_dir().join("config.toml"))
-    }
-
-    /// Load config from disk, or return the default config if the file doesn't exist.
-    pub fn load() -> Result<Self> {
-        let path = match Self::config_path() {
-            Some(p) => p,
-            None => return Ok(Self::default()),
-        };
-
-        if !path.exists() {
-            let config = Self::default();
-            config.save()?;
-            return Ok(config);
-        }
-
-        let raw = std::fs::read_to_string(&path)
-            .with_context(|| format!("Failed to read config at {}", path.display()))?;
-
-        toml::from_str(&raw)
-            .with_context(|| format!("Failed to parse config at {}", path.display()))
-    }
-
-    /// Persist the current config to disk.
-    pub fn save(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let path = Self::config_path()
-            .context("Could not determine config directory")?;
-
-        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
-            std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)
-                .with_context(|| format!("Failed to create config dir {}", parent.display()))?;
-        }
-
-        let serialized = toml::to_string_pretty(self)
-            .context("Failed to serialize config")?;
-
-        std::fs::write(&path, serialized)
-            .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write config to {}", path.display()))?;
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Build the full output path for a new screenshot using chrono formatting.
-    pub fn output_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
-        let now = chrono::Local::now();
-        let filename = now.format(&self.filename_template).to_string();
-        let ext = &self.save_format;
-        self.save_directory.join(format!("{filename}.{ext}"))
-    }
-}
-
-fn default_capture_delay_ms() -> u64 { 200 }
-
-fn dirs_default_pictures() -> Option<PathBuf> {
-    // Use XDG_PICTURES_DIR if available, otherwise ~/Pictures
-    if let Ok(val) = std::env::var("XDG_PICTURES_DIR") {
-        return Some(PathBuf::from(val));
-    }
-    directories::UserDirs::new()
-        .and_then(|ud| ud.picture_dir().map(|p| p.to_path_buf()))
-}

src/effects.rs

@@ -1,293 +0,0 @@
-//! Post-capture image effects: rounded corners and drop shadow.
-//!
-//! Pipeline:
-//!   RgbaImage (captured)
-//!     → apply_rounded_corners()   – clips corners to transparent via tiny-skia mask
-//!     → apply_drop_shadow()       – composites a blurred shadow beneath the image
-//!     → final RgbaImage (may be larger when shadow is added)
-//!
-//! Performance notes:
-//! - Box blur uses a sliding-window algorithm: O(W*H) regardless of radius.
-//!   Three passes of the box filter approximate a Gaussian.
-//! - Pixel format conversions between RgbaImage and tiny-skia Pixmap are done
-//!   with a single pass each way.
-//! - This module is called from a background thread in review.rs so the UI
-//!   never blocks.
-
-use crate::config::EffectsConfig;
-use image::RgbaImage;
-use tiny_skia::{
-    BlendMode, Color, FillRule, Paint, Path, PathBuilder, Pixmap, PixmapPaint, Transform,
-};
-
-/// Apply all configured effects in order. Returns a new image.
-pub fn apply_effects(img: RgbaImage, cfg: &EffectsConfig) -> RgbaImage {
-    let img = if cfg.rounded_corners {
-        apply_rounded_corners(img, cfg.corner_radius)
-    } else {
-        img
-    };
-    if cfg.drop_shadow {
-        apply_drop_shadow(
-            img,
-            cfg.shadow_blur_radius,
-            cfg.shadow_offset_x,
-            cfg.shadow_offset_y,
-            cfg.shadow_color,
-        )
-    } else {
-        img
-    }
-}
-
-// ─── Rounded corners ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-pub fn apply_rounded_corners(img: RgbaImage, radius: f32) -> RgbaImage {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    let mut mask = Pixmap::new(w, h).expect("mask pixmap");
-    let path = rounded_rect_path(0.0, 0.0, w as f32, h as f32, radius);
-    let mut paint = Paint::default();
-    paint.set_color(Color::WHITE);
-    paint.anti_alias = true;
-    mask.fill_path(&path, &paint, FillRule::Winding, Transform::identity(), None);
-
-    let mut pixmap = rgba_image_to_pixmap(&img);
-    let mut dst_paint = PixmapPaint::default();
-    dst_paint.blend_mode = BlendMode::DestinationIn;
-    pixmap.draw_pixmap(0, 0, mask.as_ref(), &dst_paint, Transform::identity(), None);
-    pixmap_to_rgba_image(pixmap)
-}
-
-// ─── Drop shadow ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-pub fn apply_drop_shadow(
-    img: RgbaImage,
-    blur_radius: f32,
-    offset_x: f32,
-    offset_y: f32,
-    shadow_color: [u8; 4],
-) -> RgbaImage {
-    let (iw, ih) = img.dimensions();
-    let br = blur_radius.ceil() as u32;
-
-    let extra_left  = br.saturating_sub((-offset_x).max(0.0) as u32);
-    let extra_top   = br.saturating_sub((-offset_y).max(0.0) as u32);
-    let extra_right  = br + offset_x.max(0.0) as u32;
-    let extra_bottom = br + offset_y.max(0.0) as u32;
-
-    let canvas_w = iw + extra_left + extra_right;
-    let canvas_h = ih + extra_top + extra_bottom;
-
-    // 1. Place the image silhouette at the shadow position.
-    let mut shadow_pixmap = Pixmap::new(canvas_w, canvas_h).expect("shadow pixmap");
-    let img_pixmap = rgba_image_to_pixmap(&img);
-    let shadow_x = (extra_left as f32 + offset_x) as i32;
-    let shadow_y = (extra_top  as f32 + offset_y) as i32;
-
-    let mut sp = PixmapPaint::default();
-    sp.blend_mode = BlendMode::Source;
-    shadow_pixmap.draw_pixmap(shadow_x, shadow_y, img_pixmap.as_ref(), &sp, Transform::identity(), None);
-
-    // 2. Tint the silhouette with the shadow colour.
-    tint_pixmap_as_shadow(&mut shadow_pixmap, shadow_color);
-
-    // 3. Blur the shadow (sliding-window box blur, 3 passes).
-    let shadow_img = pixmap_to_rgba_image(shadow_pixmap);
-    let blurred = box_blur_rgba(&shadow_img, br);
-    let blurred_pixmap = rgba_image_to_pixmap(&blurred);
-
-    // 4. Composite: shadow first, image on top.
-    let mut canvas = Pixmap::new(canvas_w, canvas_h).expect("canvas pixmap");
-    let mut p = PixmapPaint::default();
-    p.blend_mode = BlendMode::Source;
-    canvas.draw_pixmap(0, 0, blurred_pixmap.as_ref(), &p, Transform::identity(), None);
-
-    let mut p2 = PixmapPaint::default();
-    p2.blend_mode = BlendMode::SourceOver;
-    canvas.draw_pixmap(extra_left as i32, extra_top as i32, img_pixmap.as_ref(), &p2, Transform::identity(), None);
-
-    pixmap_to_rgba_image(canvas)
-}
-
-// ─── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-fn rounded_rect_path(x: f32, y: f32, w: f32, h: f32, r: f32) -> Path {
-    let r = r.min(w / 2.0).min(h / 2.0);
-    let mut pb = PathBuilder::new();
-    pb.move_to(x + r, y);
-    pb.line_to(x + w - r, y);
-    pb.quad_to(x + w, y, x + w, y + r);
-    pb.line_to(x + w, y + h - r);
-    pb.quad_to(x + w, y + h, x + w - r, y + h);
-    pb.line_to(x + r, y + h);
-    pb.quad_to(x, y + h, x, y + h - r);
-    pb.line_to(x, y + r);
-    pb.quad_to(x, y, x + r, y);
-    pb.close();
-    pb.finish().expect("rounded rect path")
-}
-
-fn rgba_image_to_pixmap(img: &RgbaImage) -> Pixmap {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    let mut pixmap = Pixmap::new(w, h).expect("pixmap alloc");
-    let pixels = pixmap.pixels_mut();
-    for (i, px) in img.pixels().enumerate() {
-        let [r, g, b, a] = px.0;
-        let af = a as f32 / 255.0;
-        pixels[i] = tiny_skia::PremultipliedColorU8::from_rgba(
-            (r as f32 * af) as u8,
-            (g as f32 * af) as u8,
-            (b as f32 * af) as u8,
-            a,
-        )
-        .unwrap_or(tiny_skia::PremultipliedColorU8::TRANSPARENT);
-    }
-    pixmap
-}
-
-fn pixmap_to_rgba_image(pixmap: Pixmap) -> RgbaImage {
-    let (w, h) = (pixmap.width(), pixmap.height());
-    let mut out = RgbaImage::new(w, h);
-    for (i, px) in pixmap.pixels().iter().enumerate() {
-        let x = (i as u32) % w;
-        let y = (i as u32) / w;
-        let a = px.alpha();
-        let (r, g, b) = if a == 0 {
-            (0, 0, 0)
-        } else {
-            let af = a as f32 / 255.0;
-            (
-                (px.red()   as f32 / af).round().min(255.0) as u8,
-                (px.green() as f32 / af).round().min(255.0) as u8,
-                (px.blue()  as f32 / af).round().min(255.0) as u8,
-            )
-        };
-        out.put_pixel(x, y, image::Rgba([r, g, b, a]));
-    }
-    out
-}
-
-fn tint_pixmap_as_shadow(pixmap: &mut Pixmap, color: [u8; 4]) {
-    let [sr, sg, sb, _] = color;
-    for px in pixmap.pixels_mut() {
-        let a = px.alpha();
-        if a > 0 {
-            let af = a as f32 / 255.0;
-            *px = tiny_skia::PremultipliedColorU8::from_rgba(
-                (sr as f32 * af) as u8,
-                (sg as f32 * af) as u8,
-                (sb as f32 * af) as u8,
-                a,
-            )
-            .unwrap_or(tiny_skia::PremultipliedColorU8::TRANSPARENT);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// ─── Sliding-window box blur (O(W*H) regardless of radius) ───────────────────
-//
-// Classic algorithm: maintain a running sum over a window of (2r+1) pixels.
-// When the window slides by one pixel, subtract the pixel leaving the window
-// and add the pixel entering it. Three passes (H→V→H or H→V→H) approximate
-// a Gaussian kernel.
-
-fn box_blur_rgba(img: &RgbaImage, radius: u32) -> RgbaImage {
-    if radius == 0 {
-        return img.clone();
-    }
-    // Three passes of H+V to approximate a Gaussian.
-    let mut buf = sliding_horizontal(img, radius);
-    buf = sliding_vertical(&buf, radius);
-    buf = sliding_horizontal(&buf, radius);
-    buf = sliding_vertical(&buf, radius);
-    buf
-}
-
-/// Horizontal sliding-window box blur, single pass.
-fn sliding_horizontal(img: &RgbaImage, radius: u32) -> RgbaImage {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    let r = radius as i32;
-    let diam = (2 * r + 1) as u32;
-    let mut out = RgbaImage::new(w, h);
-
-    for y in 0..h {
-        // Accumulator for the current window.
-        let mut sr = 0u32;
-        let mut sg = 0u32;
-        let mut sb = 0u32;
-        let mut sa = 0u32;
-
-        // Seed the window around x=0.
-        for dx in -r..=r {
-            let sx = dx.clamp(0, w as i32 - 1) as u32;
-            let p = img.get_pixel(sx, y).0;
-            sr += p[0] as u32;
-            sg += p[1] as u32;
-            sb += p[2] as u32;
-            sa += p[3] as u32;
-        }
-
-        for x in 0..w {
-            out.put_pixel(x, y, image::Rgba([
-                (sr / diam) as u8,
-                (sg / diam) as u8,
-                (sb / diam) as u8,
-                (sa / diam) as u8,
-            ]));
-
-            // Slide: remove left edge, add right edge.
-            let remove_x = (x as i32 - r).clamp(0, w as i32 - 1) as u32;
-            let add_x    = (x as i32 + r + 1).clamp(0, w as i32 - 1) as u32;
-            let rp = img.get_pixel(remove_x, y).0;
-            let ap = img.get_pixel(add_x,    y).0;
-            sr = sr.saturating_sub(rp[0] as u32) + ap[0] as u32;
-            sg = sg.saturating_sub(rp[1] as u32) + ap[1] as u32;
-            sb = sb.saturating_sub(rp[2] as u32) + ap[2] as u32;
-            sa = sa.saturating_sub(rp[3] as u32) + ap[3] as u32;
-        }
-    }
-    out
-}
-
-/// Vertical sliding-window box blur, single pass.
-fn sliding_vertical(img: &RgbaImage, radius: u32) -> RgbaImage {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    let r = radius as i32;
-    let diam = (2 * r + 1) as u32;
-    let mut out = RgbaImage::new(w, h);
-
-    for x in 0..w {
-        let mut sr = 0u32;
-        let mut sg = 0u32;
-        let mut sb = 0u32;
-        let mut sa = 0u32;
-
-        for dy in -r..=r {
-            let sy = dy.clamp(0, h as i32 - 1) as u32;
-            let p = img.get_pixel(x, sy).0;
-            sr += p[0] as u32;
-            sg += p[1] as u32;
-            sb += p[2] as u32;
-            sa += p[3] as u32;
-        }
-
-        for y in 0..h {
-            out.put_pixel(x, y, image::Rgba([
-                (sr / diam) as u8,
-                (sg / diam) as u8,
-                (sb / diam) as u8,
-                (sa / diam) as u8,
-            ]));
-
-            let remove_y = (y as i32 - r).clamp(0, h as i32 - 1) as u32;
-            let add_y    = (y as i32 + r + 1).clamp(0, h as i32 - 1) as u32;
-            let rp = img.get_pixel(x, remove_y).0;
-            let ap = img.get_pixel(x, add_y   ).0;
-            sr = sr.saturating_sub(rp[0] as u32) + ap[0] as u32;
-            sg = sg.saturating_sub(rp[1] as u32) + ap[1] as u32;
-            sb = sb.saturating_sub(rp[2] as u32) + ap[2] as u32;
-            sa = sa.saturating_sub(rp[3] as u32) + ap[3] as u32;
-        }
-    }
-    out
-}

src/hyprland.rs

@@ -1,270 +0,0 @@
-//! Hyprland window geometry queries.
-//!
-//! Uses `hyprctl clients -j` and `hyprctl activeworkspace -j` to enumerate
-//! windows on the active workspace. Returns logical pixel coordinates that
-//! match the coordinate space used by libwayshot LogicalRegion.
-//!
-//! If `hyprctl` is not available (non-Hyprland compositor) the functions
-//! return an empty list so the overlay degrades gracefully to manual
-//! selection only.
-
-/// A window's position and size in Wayland logical pixels.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct WindowRect {
-    pub x: i32,
-    pub y: i32,
-    pub width: i32,
-    pub height: i32,
-    pub title: String,
-}
-
-/// Returns the logical size (width, height) of the primary/active monitor.
-/// Falls back to None if hyprctl is unavailable.
-pub fn active_monitor_logical_size() -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-    let info = active_monitor_info()?;
-    Some((info.0, info.1))
-}
-
-/// Returns the scale factor of the active monitor (e.g. 1.33 on HiDPI).
-/// Falls back to 1.0 if hyprctl is unavailable.
-pub fn active_monitor_scale() -> f32 {
-    active_monitor_info().map(|i| i.2).unwrap_or(1.0)
-}
-
-/// Returns the name of the active/focused monitor (e.g. "DP-1").
-pub fn active_monitor_name() -> Option<String> {
-    let output = std::process::Command::new("hyprctl")
-        .args(["monitors", "-j"])
-        .output()
-        .ok()?;
-    if !output.status.success() { return None; }
-    let text = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).ok()?;
-    for obj in split_objects(text) {
-        if json_bool(obj, "focused") == Some(true) {
-            return json_string(obj, "name");
-        }
-    }
-    None
-}
-
-/// Returns (logical_width, logical_height, scale) for the focused monitor.
-fn active_monitor_info() -> Option<(u32, u32, f32)> {
-    let output = std::process::Command::new("hyprctl")
-        .args(["monitors", "-j"])
-        .output()
-        .ok()?;
-
-    if !output.status.success() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let text = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).ok()?;
-
-    // Find the focused monitor (focused: true) or fall back to the first.
-    for obj in split_objects(text) {
-        let focused = json_bool(obj, "focused");
-        if focused != Some(true) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        let w = json_i64(obj, "width")?  as f32;
-        let h = json_i64(obj, "height")? as f32;
-        let scale = json_f32(obj, "scale").unwrap_or(1.0);
-        return Some(((w / scale).round() as u32, (h / scale).round() as u32, scale));
-    }
-
-    // No focused monitor found — take the first one.
-    let obj = split_objects(text).into_iter().next()?;
-    let w = json_i64(obj, "width")?  as f32;
-    let h = json_i64(obj, "height")? as f32;
-    let scale = json_f32(obj, "scale").unwrap_or(1.0);
-    Some(((w / scale).round() as u32, (h / scale).round() as u32, scale))
-}
-
-/// Returns an empty Vec if hyprctl is unavailable or returns bad data.
-pub fn active_workspace_windows() -> Vec<WindowRect> {
-    let workspace_id = match active_workspace_id() {
-        Some(id) => id,
-        None => return vec![],
-    };
-
-    let output = match std::process::Command::new("hyprctl")
-        .args(["clients", "-j"])
-        .output()
-    {
-        Ok(o) if o.status.success() => o.stdout,
-        _ => return vec![],
-    };
-
-    parse_clients(&output, workspace_id)
-}
-
-// ─── Private helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-fn active_workspace_id() -> Option<i64> {
-    let output = std::process::Command::new("hyprctl")
-        .args(["activeworkspace", "-j"])
-        .output()
-        .ok()?;
-
-    if !output.status.success() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    // Extract "id": <number> with a tiny hand-rolled parse — no serde dep.
-    let text = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).ok()?;
-    json_i64(text, "id")
-}
-
-/// Parse the `hyprctl clients -j` JSON output without pulling in serde_json.
-///
-/// We only need four fields per client: `at`, `size`, `workspace.id`, `title`,
-/// `mapped`, `hidden`. A minimal hand-rolled extractor is sufficient.
-fn parse_clients(data: &[u8], workspace_id: i64) -> Vec<WindowRect> {
-    let text = match std::str::from_utf8(data) {
-        Ok(s) => s,
-        Err(_) => return vec![],
-    };
-
-    let mut result = Vec::new();
-
-    // Split on top-level `{` … `}` objects.
-    // The JSON is a flat array of objects with no nested arrays of objects,
-    // so a simple brace-depth scan is safe here.
-    for obj in split_objects(text) {
-        // Skip unmapped or hidden windows.
-        if json_bool(obj, "mapped") != Some(true) { continue; }
-        if json_bool(obj, "hidden") == Some(true)  { continue; }
-
-        // Only windows on the active workspace.
-        if json_i64_nested(obj, "workspace", "id") != Some(workspace_id) { continue; }
-
-        let at   = json_pair_i64(obj, "at");
-        let size = json_pair_i64(obj, "size");
-
-        let (Some((x, y)), Some((w, h))) = (at, size) else { continue };
-        if w <= 0 || h <= 0 { continue; }
-
-        let title = json_string(obj, "title").unwrap_or_default();
-
-        result.push(WindowRect { x, y, width: w, height: h, title });
-    }
-
-    result
-}
-
-// ─── Tiny JSON field extractors ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/// Split a JSON array text into individual object strings.
-fn split_objects(text: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
-    let mut objects = Vec::new();
-    let bytes = text.as_bytes();
-    let mut depth = 0i32;
-    let mut start = None;
-    let mut in_string = false;
-    let mut escape = false;
-
-    for (i, &b) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
-        if escape { escape = false; continue; }
-        if b == b'\\' && in_string { escape = true; continue; }
-        if b == b'"' { in_string = !in_string; continue; }
-        if in_string { continue; }
-
-        match b {
-            b'{' => {
-                if depth == 0 { start = Some(i); }
-                depth += 1;
-            }
-            b'}' => {
-                depth -= 1;
-                if depth == 0 {
-                    if let Some(s) = start {
-                        objects.push(&text[s..=i]);
-                    }
-                    start = None;
-                }
-            }
-            _ => {}
-        }
-    }
-    objects
-}
-
-/// Extract `"key": <integer>` from a JSON object string.
-fn json_i64(text: &str, key: &str) -> Option<i64> {
-    let needle = format!("\"{}\"", key);
-    let pos = text.find(&needle)?;
-    let after = text[pos + needle.len()..].trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
-    let end = after.find(|c: char| !c.is_ascii_digit() && c != '-').unwrap_or(after.len());
-    after[..end].parse().ok()
-}
-
-/// Extract `"key": <bool>` from a JSON object string.
-fn json_bool(text: &str, key: &str) -> Option<bool> {
-    let needle = format!("\"{}\"", key);
-    let pos = text.find(&needle)?;
-    let after = text[pos + needle.len()..].trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
-    if after.starts_with("true")  { return Some(true); }
-    if after.starts_with("false") { return Some(false); }
-    None
-}
-
-/// Extract `"key": "string value"` from a JSON object string.
-fn json_string<'a>(text: &'a str, key: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    let needle = format!("\"{}\"", key);
-    let pos = text.find(&needle)?;
-    let after = text[pos + needle.len()..].trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix('"')?;
-    // Collect until unescaped closing quote.
-    let mut out = String::new();
-    let mut chars = after.chars();
-    loop {
-        match chars.next()? {
-            '\\' => { chars.next(); } // skip escaped char
-            '"'  => break,
-            c    => out.push(c),
-        }
-    }
-    Some(out)
-}
-
-/// Extract `"key": [a, b]` → (a, b) as i64 pair.
-fn json_pair_i64(text: &str, key: &str) -> Option<(i32, i32)> {
-    let needle = format!("\"{}\"", key);
-    let pos = text.find(&needle)?;
-    let after = text[pos + needle.len()..].trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix('[')?;
-    let end = after.find(']')?;
-    let inner = &after[..end];
-    let mut parts = inner.split(',');
-    let a: i32 = parts.next()?.trim().parse().ok()?;
-    let b: i32 = parts.next()?.trim().parse().ok()?;
-    Some((a, b))
-}
-
-/// Extract `"outer": { "inner_key": <integer> }` — one level of nesting.
-fn json_i64_nested(text: &str, outer: &str, inner_key: &str) -> Option<i64> {
-    let needle = format!("\"{}\"", outer);
-    let pos = text.find(&needle)?;
-    let after = text[pos + needle.len()..].trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
-    let brace_start = after.find('{')?;
-    let brace_end   = after.find('}')?;
-    let nested = &after[brace_start..=brace_end];
-    json_i64(nested, inner_key)
-}
-
-/// Extract `"key": <float>` from a JSON object string.
-fn json_f32(text: &str, key: &str) -> Option<f32> {
-    let needle = format!("\"{}\"", key);
-    let pos = text.find(&needle)?;
-    let after = text[pos + needle.len()..].trim_start();
-    let after = after.strip_prefix(':')?.trim_start();
-    let end = after
-        .find(|c: char| !c.is_ascii_digit() && c != '.' && c != '-')
-        .unwrap_or(after.len());
-    after[..end].parse().ok()
-}

src/main.rs

@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-//! rs-pictures — Wayland screenshot tool
-//!
-//! Flow:
-//!   1. Load config from ~/.config/rs-pictures/config.toml
-//!   2. Sleep briefly so the user can switch away from the terminal that
-//!      launched us, and the compositor has time to repaint.
-//!   3. Capture all outputs → frozen desktop snapshot for overlay background.
-//!   4. Open fullscreen selection overlay (drag / two-click rubber-band).
-//!   5. Sleep 120 ms so compositor repaints after overlay closes.
-//!   6. Capture the selected region with libwayshot.
-//!   7a. auto_save/auto_copy set → apply effects, act silently, exit.
-//!   7b. Otherwise → open review window (effects applied interactively there).
-
-mod capture;
-mod config;
-mod effects;
-mod hyprland;
-mod overlay;
-mod review;
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use arboard::{Clipboard, ImageData};
-use eframe::egui;
-use overlay::{SelectionOverlay, SelectionResult};
-use review::ReviewWindow;
-
-fn main() -> Result<()> {
-    // ── 1. Load config & arguments ────────────────────────────────────────────
-    let config = config::Config::load().context("Failed to load config")?;
-    let is_live_mode = config.live_mode || std::env::args().any(|a| a == "--live" || a == "-l");
-
-    // ── 2. Query Hyprland metadata (no window open yet) ───────────────────────
-    // Scale is only needed for window-rect conversion in the overlay.
-    let scale = hyprland::active_monitor_scale();
-    let (lw, lh) = hyprland::active_monitor_logical_size().unwrap_or((1920, 1080));
-
-    // ── 3. Pre-capture delay ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
-    // Give the compositor time to unmap the terminal/launcher that started us
-    // and repaint the desktop before we freeze it.
-    // Configurable via capture_delay_ms in config.toml (default 800ms).
-    std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(config.capture_delay_ms));
-
-    // ── 4. Capture full desktop BEFORE opening any window ────────────────────
-    // In freeze mode (default), we snapshot before the overlay.
-    // In live mode, we skip this and capture later.
-    let background_snapshot = if is_live_mode {
-        None
-    } else {
-        Some(capture::capture_all_outputs().context("Failed to capture desktop snapshot")?)
-    };
-
-    // ── 5. Run the selection overlay ─────────────────────────────────────────
-    let selection_result = {
-        use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
-        let shared: Arc<Mutex<Option<SelectionResult>>> = Arc::new(Mutex::new(None));
-        let shared_clone = Arc::clone(&shared);
-
-        let native_options = eframe::NativeOptions {
-            viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default()
-                .with_app_id("rs-pictures-overlay")
-                .with_inner_size([lw as f32, lh as f32])
-                .with_position([0.0, 0.0])
-                .with_fullscreen(true)
-                .with_maximized(true)
-                .with_decorations(false)
-                .with_transparent(true)
-                .with_always_on_top()
-                .with_resizable(false),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-
-        let bg_clone = background_snapshot.clone();
-        eframe::run_native(
-            "rs-pictures — Select Region",
-            native_options,
-            Box::new(move |cc| {
-                let app = SelectionOverlay::new(cc, bg_clone, scale);
-                Ok(Box::new(OverlayWrapper {
-                    inner: app,
-                    result_sink: shared_clone,
-                }) as Box<dyn eframe::App>)
-            }),
-        )
-        .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Overlay window error: {e}"))?;
-
-        Arc::try_unwrap(shared)
-            .ok()
-            .and_then(|m| m.into_inner().ok())
-            .flatten()
-    };
-
-    // ── 6. Act on the selection ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-    let region = match selection_result {
-        Some(SelectionResult::Selected(r)) => r,
-        Some(SelectionResult::Cancelled) | None => {
-            eprintln!("Selection cancelled.");
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-    };
-
-    // ── 7. Get the raw region image ───────────────────────────────────────────
-    let raw_image = if let Some(bg) = background_snapshot {
-        // Freeze mode: Crop directly from the pre-captured snapshot.
-        let px = (region.x.max(0) as u32).min(bg.width().saturating_sub(1));
-        let py = (region.y.max(0) as u32).min(bg.height().saturating_sub(1));
-        let pw = region.width.min(bg.width() - px);
-        let ph = region.height.min(bg.height() - py);
-        image::imageops::crop_imm(&bg, px, py, pw, ph).to_image()
-    } else {
-        // Live mode: Wait for the compositor to clear the overlay, then capture just the region.
-        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(config.capture_delay_ms.max(200)));
-        capture::capture_region(region).context("Failed to capture region")?
-    };
-
-    // ── 8a. Auto-mode — no review window ─────────────────────────────────────
-    if config.auto_save || config.auto_copy {
-        let final_image = effects::apply_effects(raw_image, &config.effects);
-        if config.auto_save {
-            let path = config.output_path();
-            if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
-                std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)
-                    .with_context(|| format!("Cannot create dir {}", parent.display()))?;
-            }
-            final_image.save(&path)
-                .with_context(|| format!("Failed to save to {}", path.display()))?;
-            eprintln!("Saved to {}", path.display());
-        }
-        if config.auto_copy {
-            clipboard_copy(&final_image)?;
-            eprintln!("Copied to clipboard.");
-        }
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    // ── 8b. Review window ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-    // The review window applies effects internally on a background thread, so
-    // we hand it the raw (un-effected) image.
-    let native_options = eframe::NativeOptions {
-        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default()
-            .with_title("rs-pictures — Review")
-            .with_inner_size([900.0, 700.0])
-            .with_min_inner_size([400.0, 300.0]),
-        ..Default::default()
-    };
-
-    eframe::run_native(
-        "rs-pictures — Review",
-        native_options,
-        Box::new(move |cc| {
-            Ok(Box::new(ReviewWindow::new(cc, raw_image, config)) as Box<dyn eframe::App>)
-        }),
-    )
-    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Review window error: {e}"))?;
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-// ─── Clipboard helper (shared with review.rs logic) ───────────────────────────
-
-pub fn clipboard_copy(img: &image::RgbaImage) -> Result<()> {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    let bytes = img.as_raw().clone();
-    let mut cb = Clipboard::new().context("Could not open clipboard")?;
-    cb.set_image(ImageData {
-        width: w as usize,
-        height: h as usize,
-        bytes: bytes.into(),
-    })
-    .context("Failed to write image to clipboard")
-}
-
-// ─── Overlay wrapper ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
-
-struct OverlayWrapper {
-    inner: SelectionOverlay,
-    result_sink: Arc<Mutex<Option<SelectionResult>>>,
-}
-
-impl eframe::App for OverlayWrapper {
-    fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-        self.inner.update(ctx, frame);
-        if let Some(result) = self.inner.take_result() {
-            *self.result_sink.lock().unwrap() = Some(result);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn clear_color(&self, visuals: &egui::Visuals) -> [f32; 4] {
-        self.inner.clear_color(visuals)
-    }
-}

src/overlay.rs

@@ -1,359 +0,0 @@
-//! Region selection overlay.
-//!
-//! Input modes (all available simultaneously):
-//!   - Window pick: hover over a window → it highlights; single click captures it.
-//!   - Drag:        press and drag → rubber-band selection (overrides window pick).
-//!   - Two-click:   click once (anchor), move, click again → selection.
-//!
-//! Coordinate system:
-//!   egui screen_rect == physical pixels of the monitor.
-//!   capture::Region also uses physical pixels.
-//!   Window rects from hyprctl are logical pixels — multiplied by scale to get physical.
-//!   No scale division anywhere: Region handed to capture.rs is in physical pixels,
-//!   and capture.rs crops from the physical full-screen capture directly.
-
-use eframe::egui::{self, Color32, CursorIcon, Pos2, Rect, Rounding, Stroke, Vec2};
-use image::RgbaImage;
-
-use crate::capture::Region;
-use crate::hyprland::WindowRect;
-
-/// Result returned when the user completes or cancels the selection.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum SelectionResult {
-    Selected(Region),
-    Cancelled,
-}
-
-/// Input state machine.
-#[derive(Default)]
-enum SelectionState {
-    #[default]
-    Idle,
-    Dragging { start: Pos2 },
-    AwaitingSecondClick { start: Pos2 },
-    Done { start: Pos2, end: Pos2 },
-    Cancelled,
-}
-
-const MAX_TEX: u32 = 8192;
-
-pub struct SelectionOverlay {
-    background: Option<egui::TextureHandle>,
-    /// Hyprland monitor scale (logical→physical). Used only for window rect conversion.
-    scale: f32,
-    state: SelectionState,
-    result: Option<SelectionResult>,
-    windows: Vec<WindowRect>,
-    hovered_window: Option<usize>,
-    diag_printed: bool,
-}
-
-impl SelectionOverlay {
-    pub fn new(cc: &eframe::CreationContext<'_>, background_snapshot: Option<RgbaImage>, scale: f32) -> Self {
-        let texture = background_snapshot.map(|img| {
-            let tex_image = fit_to_max_texture(img);
-            let (tw, th) = tex_image.dimensions();
-            let color_image = egui::ColorImage::from_rgba_unmultiplied(
-                [tw as usize, th as usize],
-                tex_image.as_raw(),
-            );
-            cc.egui_ctx
-                .load_texture("background", color_image, egui::TextureOptions::LINEAR)
-        });
-
-        let windows = crate::hyprland::active_workspace_windows();
-
-        Self {
-            background: texture,
-            scale,
-            state: SelectionState::default(),
-            result: None,
-            windows,
-            hovered_window: None,
-            diag_printed: false,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn take_result(&mut self) -> Option<SelectionResult> {
-        self.result.take()
-    }
-
-    /// Convert a hyprctl WindowRect (logical px) to an egui Rect (logical points).
-    fn window_to_egui_rect(win: &WindowRect, _scale: f32) -> Rect {
-        Rect::from_min_size(
-            Pos2::new(win.x as f32, win.y as f32),
-            Vec2::new(win.width as f32, win.height as f32),
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-impl eframe::App for SelectionOverlay {
-    fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-        ctx.set_cursor_icon(CursorIcon::Crosshair);
-
-        if ctx.input(|i| i.key_pressed(egui::Key::Escape)) {
-            self.state = SelectionState::Cancelled;
-        }
-
-        let screen_rect = ctx.screen_rect();
-
-        if !self.diag_printed {
-            self.diag_printed = true;
-            eprintln!(
-                "[overlay diag] screen_rect={screen_rect:?} ppp={} scale={}",
-                ctx.pixels_per_point(),
-                self.scale,
-            );
-        }
-
-        let dim = Color32::from_black_alpha(140);
-
-        const DRAG_THRESHOLD: f32 = 4.0;
-
-        let (hover_pos, press_origin, primary_down, primary_released) =
-            ctx.input(|i| {
-                (
-                    i.pointer.hover_pos(),
-                    i.pointer.press_origin(),
-                    i.pointer.primary_down(),
-                    i.pointer.primary_released(),
-                )
-            });
-
-        let travel: f32 = match (press_origin, hover_pos) {
-            (Some(o), Some(p)) => o.distance(p),
-            _ => 0.0,
-        };
-        let is_click = primary_released && travel <= DRAG_THRESHOLD;
-        let is_drag  = primary_down    && travel >  DRAG_THRESHOLD;
-
-        // ── Window hover detection ────────────────────────────────────────────
-        self.hovered_window = None;
-        if matches!(self.state, SelectionState::Idle) {
-            if let Some(pos) = hover_pos {
-                for (i, win) in self.windows.iter().enumerate().rev() {
-                    if Self::window_to_egui_rect(win, self.scale).contains(pos) {
-                        self.hovered_window = Some(i);
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // ── State transitions ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        match &self.state {
-            SelectionState::Idle => {
-                if is_drag {
-                    self.hovered_window = None;
-                    self.state = SelectionState::Dragging {
-                        start: press_origin.unwrap_or_default(),
-                    };
-                } else if is_click {
-                    if let Some(idx) = self.hovered_window {
-                        let win = &self.windows[idx];
-                        let rect = Self::window_to_egui_rect(win, self.scale).intersect(screen_rect);
-                        self.state = SelectionState::Done {
-                            start: rect.min,
-                            end: rect.max,
-                        };
-                    } else {
-                        self.state = SelectionState::AwaitingSecondClick {
-                            start: press_origin.unwrap_or_default(),
-                        };
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            SelectionState::Dragging { start } => {
-                let start = *start;
-                if primary_released {
-                    if let Some(end) = hover_pos {
-                        self.state = SelectionState::Done { start, end };
-                    } else {
-                        self.state = SelectionState::Idle;
-                    }
-                }
-                if !primary_down && !primary_released {
-                    self.state = SelectionState::AwaitingSecondClick { start };
-                }
-            }
-            SelectionState::AwaitingSecondClick { start } => {
-                let start = *start;
-                if is_click {
-                    if let Some(end) = hover_pos {
-                        self.state = SelectionState::Done { start, end };
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            SelectionState::Done { .. } | SelectionState::Cancelled => {}
-        }
-
-        // ── Current live rect ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        let current_rect: Option<Rect> = match &self.state {
-            SelectionState::Dragging { start } => hover_pos.map(|p| Rect::from_two_pos(*start, p)),
-            SelectionState::AwaitingSecondClick { start } => hover_pos.map(|p| Rect::from_two_pos(*start, p)),
-            SelectionState::Done { start, end } => Some(Rect::from_two_pos(*start, *end)),
-            _ => None,
-        };
-
-        // ── Draw ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        egui::CentralPanel::default()
-            .frame(egui::Frame::none())
-            .show(ctx, |ui| {
-                let painter = ui.painter();
-
-                // 1. Background screenshot (if in freeze mode).
-                if let Some(bg) = &self.background {
-                    painter.image(
-                        bg.id(),
-                        screen_rect,
-                        Rect::from_min_max(Pos2::ZERO, Pos2::new(1.0, 1.0)),
-                        Color32::WHITE,
-                    );
-                }
-
-                // 2. Dim overlay.
-                let active_rect = current_rect.or_else(|| {
-                    self.hovered_window
-                        .map(|i| Self::window_to_egui_rect(&self.windows[i], self.scale).intersect(screen_rect))
-                });
-
-                if let Some(sel) = active_rect {
-                    let s = sel.intersect(screen_rect);
-                    painter.rect_filled(
-                        Rect::from_min_max(screen_rect.min, Pos2::new(screen_rect.max.x, s.min.y)),
-                        Rounding::ZERO, dim,
-                    );
-                    painter.rect_filled(
-                        Rect::from_min_max(Pos2::new(screen_rect.min.x, s.max.y), screen_rect.max),
-                        Rounding::ZERO, dim,
-                    );
-                    painter.rect_filled(
-                        Rect::from_min_max(
-                            Pos2::new(screen_rect.min.x, s.min.y),
-                            Pos2::new(s.min.x, s.max.y),
-                        ),
-                        Rounding::ZERO, dim,
-                    );
-                    painter.rect_filled(
-                        Rect::from_min_max(
-                            Pos2::new(s.max.x, s.min.y),
-                            Pos2::new(screen_rect.max.x, s.max.y),
-                        ),
-                        Rounding::ZERO, dim,
-                    );
-
-                    // Only draw a stroke if we are actively dragging a selection.
-                    if current_rect.is_some() {
-                        painter.rect_stroke(s, Rounding::ZERO, Stroke::new(1.5, Color32::from_rgb(100, 180, 255)));
-                    }
-
-                    // Size label in physical pixels.
-                    let label = format!("{} × {}", s.width().round() as u32, s.height().round() as u32);
-                    let lp = Pos2::new(s.min.x + 4.0, s.min.y - 18.0)
-                        .clamp(Pos2::ZERO, screen_rect.max);
-                    painter.text(lp, egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP, label,
-                        egui::FontId::monospace(13.0), Color32::WHITE);
-
-                    if let Some(idx) = self.hovered_window {
-                        if current_rect.is_none() {
-                            let title = &self.windows[idx].title;
-                            if !title.is_empty() {
-                                painter.text(
-                                    Pos2::new(s.min.x + 4.0, s.min.y + 4.0),
-                                    egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP,
-                                    title,
-                                    egui::FontId::proportional(12.0),
-                                    Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(255, 190, 50, 220),
-                                );
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    painter.rect_filled(screen_rect, Rounding::ZERO, dim);
-                }
-
-                // 3. Crosshair.
-                if let Some(pos) = hover_pos {
-                    let s = Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::from_white_alpha(180));
-                    painter.line_segment(
-                        [Pos2::new(screen_rect.min.x, pos.y), Pos2::new(screen_rect.max.x, pos.y)], s);
-                    painter.line_segment(
-                        [Pos2::new(pos.x, screen_rect.min.y), Pos2::new(pos.x, screen_rect.max.y)], s);
-                }
-
-                // 4. Hint text.
-                let hint = match &self.state {
-                    SelectionState::Idle if self.hovered_window.is_some() =>
-                        "Click to capture window   |   Drag for custom selection   |   Esc to cancel",
-                    SelectionState::Idle =>
-                        "Click or drag to select   |   Esc to cancel",
-                    SelectionState::Dragging { .. } => "Release to capture",
-                    SelectionState::AwaitingSecondClick { .. } =>
-                        "Click to set the second corner   |   Esc to cancel",
-                    _ => "",
-                };
-                if !hint.is_empty() {
-                    painter.text(
-                        Pos2::new(screen_rect.center().x, screen_rect.max.y - 28.0),
-                        egui::Align2::CENTER_BOTTOM,
-                        hint,
-                        egui::FontId::proportional(14.0),
-                        Color32::from_white_alpha(200),
-                    );
-                }
-            });
-
-        // ── Resolve ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        match &self.state {
-            SelectionState::Done { start, end } => {
-                let rect = Rect::from_two_pos(*start, *end).intersect(screen_rect);
-                if rect.width() > 2.0 && rect.height() > 2.0 {
-                    let ppp = ctx.pixels_per_point();
-                    // egui coords are logical points — scale to physical pixels.
-                    let x = ((rect.min.x - screen_rect.min.x) * ppp).round() as i32;
-                    let y = ((rect.min.y - screen_rect.min.y) * ppp).round() as i32;
-                    let width  = (rect.width() * ppp).round()  as u32;
-                    let height = (rect.height() * ppp).round() as u32;
-
-                    eprintln!("[overlay] physical x={x} y={y} w={width} h={height}");
-
-                    self.result = Some(SelectionResult::Selected(Region {
-                        x: x.max(0),
-                        y: y.max(0),
-                        width,
-                        height,
-                    }));
-                    ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
-                } else {
-                    self.state = SelectionState::Idle;
-                }
-            }
-            SelectionState::Cancelled => {
-                self.result = Some(SelectionResult::Cancelled);
-                ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
-            }
-            _ => {}
-        }
-
-        ctx.request_repaint_after(std::time::Duration::from_millis(16));
-    }
-
-    fn clear_color(&self, _visuals: &egui::Visuals) -> [f32; 4] {
-        [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
-    }
-}
-
-fn fit_to_max_texture(img: RgbaImage) -> RgbaImage {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    if w <= MAX_TEX && h <= MAX_TEX {
-        return img;
-    }
-    let scale = (MAX_TEX as f32 / w as f32).min(MAX_TEX as f32 / h as f32);
-    image::imageops::resize(
-        &img,
-        (w as f32 * scale) as u32,
-        (h as f32 * scale) as u32,
-        image::imageops::FilterType::Triangle,
-    )
-}

src/review.rs

@@ -1,345 +0,0 @@
-//! After-capture review window.
-//!
-//! Performance design:
-//! - Effects (rounded corners, drop shadow) run on a background thread so the
-//!   UI never blocks. A `Receiver` is polled each frame; when the result
-//!   arrives the texture is swapped out.
-//! - A debounce timer (`dirty_since`) ensures we only spawn a new worker 150 ms
-//!   after the last slider change, not on every incremental drag tick.
-//! - The raw image is wrapped in Arc so it is shared with worker threads
-//!   without cloning the pixel data.
-//! - Texture uploads are guarded by MAX_TEX so we never panic on large images.
-
-use std::path::PathBuf;
-use std::sync::{Arc, mpsc};
-use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
-
-use arboard::{Clipboard, ImageData};
-use eframe::egui::{self, Color32, ColorImage, Rounding, ScrollArea, Stroke, TextureHandle, TextureOptions, Vec2};
-use image::RgbaImage;
-
-use crate::{config::Config, effects::apply_effects};
-
-const MAX_TEX: u32 = 8192;
-/// How long to wait after the last setting change before spawning the worker.
-const DEBOUNCE: Duration = Duration::from_millis(150);
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum ReviewAction {
-    #[allow(dead_code)] // path stored for future use (e.g. desktop notification)
-    Saved(PathBuf),
-    Copied,
-    Discarded,
-}
-
-/// Channel message from the background effects worker.
-struct EffectsResult(RgbaImage);
-
-pub struct ReviewWindow {
-    /// Full-resolution raw capture — shared with worker threads via Arc.
-    raw_image: Arc<RgbaImage>,
-    /// Last fully-processed preview (what gets saved/copied).
-    preview_image: Arc<RgbaImage>,
-    /// GPU texture (may be downscaled for display).
-    preview_texture: TextureHandle,
-    pub config: Config,
-    save_as_path: String,
-    status_message: Option<String>,
-    pub action: Option<ReviewAction>,
-    settings_open: bool,
-
-    /// Set when settings change; cleared when a worker is spawned.
-    dirty_since: Option<Instant>,
-    /// Receives the processed image from the background worker.
-    worker_rx: Option<mpsc::Receiver<EffectsResult>>,
-    /// True while a worker is running.
-    worker_running: bool,
-}
-
-impl ReviewWindow {
-    pub fn new(cc: &eframe::CreationContext<'_>, raw_image: RgbaImage, config: Config) -> Self {
-        let raw = Arc::new(raw_image);
-        let preview = Arc::new(apply_effects((*raw).clone(), &config.effects));
-        let texture = upload_texture(&cc.egui_ctx, &preview);
-        let save_as_path = config.output_path().display().to_string();
-        Self {
-            raw_image: raw,
-            preview_image: preview,
-            preview_texture: texture,
-            config,
-            save_as_path,
-            status_message: None,
-            action: None,
-            settings_open: false,
-            dirty_since: None,
-            worker_rx: None,
-            worker_running: false,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Mark settings as changed. A worker will be spawned after the debounce.
-    fn mark_dirty(&mut self) {
-        // Only reset the timer if we're not already waiting (avoids pushing
-        // the debounce out indefinitely on fast slider drag).
-        if self.dirty_since.is_none() {
-            self.dirty_since = Some(Instant::now());
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Poll for a finished worker result and/or spawn a new one if due.
-    fn tick_effects(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
-        // 1. Check if the running worker is done.
-        if let Some(rx) = &self.worker_rx {
-            if let Ok(EffectsResult(img)) = rx.try_recv() {
-                let img = Arc::new(img);
-                self.preview_texture = upload_texture(ctx, &img);
-                self.preview_image = img;
-                self.worker_rx = None;
-                self.worker_running = false;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // 2. Spawn a new worker if debounce has elapsed and none is running.
-        if let Some(since) = self.dirty_since {
-            if !self.worker_running && since.elapsed() >= DEBOUNCE {
-                self.dirty_since = None;
-                self.worker_running = true;
-
-                let raw = Arc::clone(&self.raw_image);
-                let effects_cfg = self.config.effects.clone();
-                let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
-                let ctx_clone = ctx.clone();
-
-                std::thread::spawn(move || {
-                    let result = apply_effects((*raw).clone(), &effects_cfg);
-                    let _ = tx.send(EffectsResult(result));
-                    // Wake the egui event loop so the new texture is picked up.
-                    ctx_clone.request_repaint();
-                });
-
-                self.worker_rx = Some(rx);
-            }
-
-            // Keep repainting while waiting for the debounce to fire.
-            if self.worker_running || self.dirty_since.is_some() {
-                ctx.request_repaint_after(Duration::from_millis(50));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn copy_to_clipboard(&mut self) {
-        match Clipboard::new() {
-            Ok(mut cb) => {
-                let (w, h) = self.preview_image.dimensions();
-                let bytes = self.preview_image.as_raw().clone();
-                match cb.set_image(ImageData { width: w as usize, height: h as usize, bytes: bytes.into() }) {
-                    Ok(_) => {
-                        self.status_message = Some("Copied to clipboard.".into());
-                        self.action = Some(ReviewAction::Copied);
-                    }
-                    Err(e) => self.status_message = Some(format!("Clipboard error: {e}")),
-                }
-            }
-            Err(e) => self.status_message = Some(format!("Could not open clipboard: {e}")),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn save_to_path(&mut self, path: PathBuf) {
-        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
-            if let Err(e) = std::fs::create_dir_all(parent) {
-                self.status_message = Some(format!("Could not create directory: {e}"));
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        match self.preview_image.save(&path) {
-            Ok(_) => {
-                self.status_message = Some(format!("Saved to {}", path.display()));
-                self.action = Some(ReviewAction::Saved(path));
-            }
-            Err(e) => self.status_message = Some(format!("Save error: {e}")),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl eframe::App for ReviewWindow {
-    fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-        self.tick_effects(ctx);
-
-        // ── Global keybinds ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        // Ctrl+C — copy to clipboard immediately.
-        // Checked before any panel so it works regardless of widget focus.
-        if ctx.input_mut(|i| i.consume_key(egui::Modifiers::CTRL, egui::Key::C)) {
-            self.copy_to_clipboard();
-        }
-
-        // ── Top bar ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        egui::TopBottomPanel::top("actions").show(ctx, |ui| {
-            ui.add_space(6.0);
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                if ui.button("📋  Copy").clicked() {
-                    self.copy_to_clipboard();
-                }
-                if ui.button("💾  Save").clicked() {
-                    let path = self.config.output_path();
-                    self.save_to_path(path);
-                }
-                ui.separator();
-                ui.label("Save As:");
-                ui.add(
-                    egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut self.save_as_path)
-                        .desired_width(300.0)
-                        .hint_text("/home/user/Pictures/shot.png"),
-                );
-                if ui.button("Save").clicked() {
-                    let path = PathBuf::from(&self.save_as_path);
-                    self.save_to_path(path);
-                }
-                ui.separator();
-                let label = if self.settings_open { "▲ Effects" } else { "▼ Effects" };
-                if ui.button(label).clicked() {
-                    self.settings_open = !self.settings_open;
-                }
-                // Spinner while worker is active.
-                if self.worker_running {
-                    ui.spinner();
-                }
-                ui.separator();
-                if ui.button("✖  Discard").clicked() {
-                    self.action = Some(ReviewAction::Discarded);
-                    ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
-                }
-            });
-            ui.add_space(4.0);
-        });
-
-        // ── Effects panel ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        if self.settings_open {
-            egui::TopBottomPanel::top("settings").show(ctx, |ui| {
-                ui.add_space(6.0);
-                ui.heading("Effects");
-                ui.separator();
-
-                let e = &mut self.config.effects;
-                let mut changed = false;
-
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    changed |= ui.checkbox(&mut e.rounded_corners, "Rounded corners").changed();
-                    if e.rounded_corners {
-                        ui.label("Radius:");
-                        changed |= ui
-                            .add(egui::Slider::new(&mut e.corner_radius, 1.0..=64.0).suffix(" px"))
-                            .changed();
-                    }
-                });
-
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    changed |= ui.checkbox(&mut e.drop_shadow, "Drop shadow").changed();
-                    if e.drop_shadow {
-                        ui.label("Blur:");
-                        changed |= ui
-                            .add(egui::Slider::new(&mut e.shadow_blur_radius, 0.0..=60.0).suffix(" px"))
-                            .changed();
-                        ui.label("X:");
-                        changed |= ui
-                            .add(egui::Slider::new(&mut e.shadow_offset_x, -40.0..=40.0).suffix(" px"))
-                            .changed();
-                        ui.label("Y:");
-                        changed |= ui
-                            .add(egui::Slider::new(&mut e.shadow_offset_y, -40.0..=40.0).suffix(" px"))
-                            .changed();
-                    }
-                });
-
-                if changed {
-                    self.mark_dirty();
-                    let _ = self.config.save();
-                }
-                ui.add_space(4.0);
-            });
-        }
-
-        // ── Status bar ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        if let Some(msg) = self.status_message.clone() {
-            egui::TopBottomPanel::bottom("status").show(ctx, |ui| {
-                ui.add_space(4.0);
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&msg).color(Color32::LIGHT_GREEN));
-                    if ui.small_button("✖").clicked() {
-                        self.status_message = None;
-                    }
-                });
-                ui.add_space(4.0);
-            });
-        }
-
-        // ── Preview ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {
-            ScrollArea::both().show(ui, |ui| {
-                let tex_size = self.preview_texture.size_vec2();
-                let available = ui.available_size();
-                let scale = (available.x / tex_size.x)
-                    .min(available.y / tex_size.y)
-                    .min(1.0);
-                let display_size = tex_size * scale;
-                let img_rect = ui.allocate_space(display_size).1;
-
-                draw_checkerboard(ui.painter(), img_rect);
-                ui.painter().image(
-                    self.preview_texture.id(),
-                    img_rect,
-                    egui::Rect::from_min_max(egui::Pos2::ZERO, egui::Pos2::new(1.0, 1.0)),
-                    Color32::WHITE,
-                );
-                ui.painter().rect_stroke(
-                    img_rect,
-                    Rounding::ZERO,
-                    Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::from_gray(80)),
-                );
-            });
-        });
-
-        // Close after save/copy — give one extra frame so the status message
-        // is visible for a moment.
-        if let Some(ReviewAction::Saved(_) | ReviewAction::Copied) = &self.action {
-            ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// ─── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-fn upload_texture(ctx: &egui::Context, img: &RgbaImage) -> TextureHandle {
-    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
-    let scaled;
-    let src: &RgbaImage = if w > MAX_TEX || h > MAX_TEX {
-        let s = (MAX_TEX as f32 / w as f32).min(MAX_TEX as f32 / h as f32);
-        scaled = image::imageops::resize(
-            img,
-            (w as f32 * s) as u32,
-            (h as f32 * s) as u32,
-            image::imageops::FilterType::Triangle,
-        );
-        &scaled
-    } else {
-        img
-    };
-    let (uw, uh) = src.dimensions();
-    let ci = ColorImage::from_rgba_unmultiplied([uw as usize, uh as usize], src.as_raw());
-    ctx.load_texture("preview", ci, TextureOptions::LINEAR)
-}
-
-fn draw_checkerboard(painter: &egui::Painter, rect: egui::Rect) {
-    let tile = 8.0_f32;
-    let c0 = Color32::from_gray(200);
-    let c1 = Color32::from_gray(160);
-    let cols = (rect.width() / tile).ceil() as u32;
-    let rows = (rect.height() / tile).ceil() as u32;
-    for row in 0..rows {
-        for col in 0..cols {
-            let color = if (row + col) % 2 == 0 { c0 } else { c1 };
-            let min = rect.min + Vec2::new(col as f32 * tile, row as f32 * tile);
-            let max = (min + Vec2::splat(tile)).min(rect.max);
-            painter.rect_filled(egui::Rect::from_min_max(min, max), Rounding::ZERO, color);
-        }
-    }
-}

test.rs

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-fn main() { println!("test"); }

test_viewport.rs

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-fn main() {
-    let _ = eframe::egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_active(false);
-}

winiterm/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+[package]
+name = "winiterm"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[lib]
+name = "winiterm"
+path = "src/lib.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "winiterm"
+path = "src/main.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "bench_process"
+path = "src/bin/bench_process.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "bench_render"
+path = "src/bin/bench_render.rs"
+
+[dependencies]
+# Windows API — PTY (ConPTY), process management, DWM transparency
+windows = { version = "0.58", features = [
+    "Win32_Foundation",
+    "Win32_Security",
+    "Win32_System_Console",
+    "Win32_System_Threading",
+    "Win32_System_Pipes",
+    "Win32_Graphics_Dwm",
+    "Win32_UI_WindowsAndMessaging",
+]}
+
+# Error handling
+thiserror = "2"
+
+# Logging
+log = "0.4"
+env_logger = "0.11"
+
+# Compact bitfield attributes for terminal cells
+bitflags = "2"
+
+# Window creation and OS event loop
+winit = "0.30"
+
+# GPU rendering (DirectX 12 on Windows via wgpu)
+wgpu = { version = "22", features = ["wgsl"] }
+
+# Minimal async executor for wgpu initialisation
+pollster = "0.3"
+
+# Font discovery (scans C:\Windows\Fonts, pure Rust)
+fontdb = "0.16"
+
+# Font rendering: glyph rasterisation + COLR emoji (pure Rust)
+swash = "0.1"
+
+# Cast structs to byte slices for GPU buffer uploads
+bytemuck = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+
+# Lua 5.4 scripting — config + plugin/event system (Phase 5 & 6)
+mlua = { version = "0.10", features = ["lua54", "vendored"] }
+
+# Filesystem watcher for Lua config hot-reload (Phase 5)
+notify = "6"
+
+# System tray icon for persistence mode (Phase 11)
+tray-icon = "0.24"
+
+# Context menu for the system tray (right-click Show / Quit)
+muda = "0.19"
+
+# Image decoding for Kitty Graphics Protocol (Phase 9)
+image = { version = "0.25", default-features = false, features = ["png", "jpeg"] }
+
+# base64 decoding for Kitty image data (Phase 9)
+base64 = "0.22"
+
+# Clipboard read/write for Ctrl+Shift+V paste
+arboard = "3"
+
+# Unicode character display-width (0=combining, 1=normal, 2=wide/CJK)
+unicode-width = "0.2"
+
+[features]
+default = []
+# Enable per-frame GPU timing instrumentation overlay (Phase 12)
+render_timing = []
+# Strip all logging in release builds
+production = ["log/release_max_level_off"]
+

winiterm/default_config.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+-- winiterm configuration
+-- Location: %APPDATA%\winiterm\config.lua
+--
+-- This file is loaded at startup and hot-reloaded whenever it changes.
+-- Return a plain table; unknown keys are ignored.
+
+return {
+    -- Base font size in logical pixels.
+    -- The actual pixel size is scaled by the display's DPI factor.
+    font_size = 16.0,
+
+    -- Active colour scheme (case-insensitive).
+    -- Built-in choices: monokai, nord, dracula, one_dark, solarized_dark, gruvbox
+    color_scheme = "monokai",
+
+    -- Shell executable to spawn in each pane.
+    -- nil = auto-detect: tries pwsh.exe → powershell.exe → cmd.exe
+    shell = nil,
+
+    -- Number of scrollback lines to retain per pane.
+    scrollback_lines = 10000,
+
+    -- Attempt to enable the Windows 11 Mica system backdrop.
+    -- Requires Windows 11 22H2 or later; silently ignored on older versions.
+    enable_mica = false,
+
+    -- Show a system-tray icon so winiterm persists when all windows are closed.
+    tray_icon = false,
+
+    -- Window opacity in [0.0, 1.0].
+    -- 1.0 = fully opaque (default).  Values below 1.0 require a compositor.
+    opacity = 1.0,
+}

winiterm/src/app.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
+//! Application entry point (Phase 4 rewrite).
+//!
+//! [`App`] implements winit's [`ApplicationHandler`] trait.
+//!
+//! Lifecycle:
+//! * `new()` — loads config, sets up filesystem watcher for hot-reload,
+//!   initialises Lua API.
+//! * `resumed()` — creates the window, renderer, workspace (shell PTY).
+//! * `window_event()` — handles keyboard input, resize, redraw.
+//! * `about_to_wait()` — drains PTY output, polls config changes, requests
+//!   redraw on dirty state.
+
+use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc};
+
+use winit::application::ApplicationHandler;
+use winit::event::{ElementState, Modifiers, WindowEvent};
+use winit::event_loop::{ActiveEventLoop, ControlFlow, EventLoop};
+use winit::window::{Window, WindowId};
+
+use crate::config::Config;
+use crate::input::{key_to_action, InputAction};
+use crate::lua_api::LuaApi;
+use crate::renderer::Renderer;
+use crate::split::SplitDir;
+use crate::terminal::TerminalModes;
+use crate::tray::TrayHandle;
+use crate::workspace::Workspace;
+
+// ─── App ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub struct App {
+    // Configuration — loaded at startup, can be hot-reloaded.
+    config: Config,
+    // winit / GPU / workspace.
+    window: Option<Arc<Window>>,
+    renderer: Option<Renderer>,
+    workspace: Option<Workspace>,
+    modifiers: Modifiers,
+    // Tray icon handle (keeps the icon alive).
+    _tray: Option<TrayHandle>,
+    // Filesystem watcher for config hot-reload.
+    _watcher: Option<notify::RecommendedWatcher>,
+    config_rx: Option<mpsc::Receiver<notify::Result<notify::Event>>>,
+    // Lua event hook system.
+    lua: Option<LuaApi>,
+}
+
+impl App {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let config = Config::load();
+
+        // ── Config file watcher (notify) ──────────────────────────────────────
+        let (watcher, config_rx) = setup_watcher(&config);
+
+        // ── Lua API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+        let lua = match LuaApi::new() {
+            Ok(api) => {
+                // Execute the config file in the Lua VM so that
+                // `winiterm.on(...)` hooks defined there actually fire (C1).
+                if let Err(e) = api.exec_config(&Config::config_path()) {
+                    log::warn!("Lua config exec error: {e}");
+                }
+                Some(api)
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::warn!("failed to create Lua state: {e}");
+                None
+            }
+        };
+
+        // ── Tray icon ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+        let tray = if config.tray_icon {
+            crate::tray::create_tray_icon()
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        Self {
+            config,
+            window: None,
+            renderer: None,
+            workspace: None,
+            modifiers: Modifiers::default(),
+            _tray: tray,
+            _watcher: watcher,
+            config_rx,
+            lua,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn run() {
+        let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect("failed to create event loop");
+        event_loop.set_control_flow(ControlFlow::Poll);
+        let mut app = Self::new();
+        event_loop.run_app(&mut app).expect("event loop error");
+    }
+
+    // ── Private helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Apply a freshly loaded config to the live renderer and workspace.
+    fn apply_config_reload(&mut self, new_config: Config) {
+        // C1: clear existing Lua hooks then re-execute the config file so that
+        // any `winiterm.on(...)` registrations don't accumulate across reloads.
+        if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+            lua.clear_hooks();
+            if let Err(e) = lua.exec_config(&Config::config_path()) {
+                log::warn!("Lua config exec error on reload: {e}");
+            }
+        }
+        if let Some(renderer) = &mut self.renderer {
+            renderer.set_color_scheme(new_config.color_scheme());
+        }
+        self.config = new_config;
+        // C2: notify Lua scripts that the config was reloaded.
+        if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+            lua.dispatch("config_reloaded", "");
+        }
+        log::info!("config reloaded");
+    }
+
+    /// Poll the config watcher channel and reload if the file was modified.
+    fn poll_config_reload(&mut self) {
+        let changed = if let Some(rx) = &self.config_rx {
+            rx.try_recv()
+                .ok()
+                .and_then(|res| res.ok())
+                .map(|ev| matches!(ev.kind, notify::EventKind::Modify(_)))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+        } else {
+            false
+        };
+        if changed {
+            let new_cfg = Config::load();
+            self.apply_config_reload(new_cfg);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for App {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── ApplicationHandler ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+impl ApplicationHandler for App {
+    fn resumed(&mut self, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
+        let window_attrs = Window::default_attributes()
+            .with_title("winiterm")
+            .with_inner_size(winit::dpi::LogicalSize::new(1200u32, 800u32));
+
+        let window = Arc::new(
+            event_loop
+                .create_window(window_attrs)
+                .expect("failed to create window"),
+        );
+
+        // Optionally enable Windows 11 Mica backdrop.
+        #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+        if self.config.enable_mica {
+            enable_mica_for_window(&window);
+        }
+
+        // Apply configured window opacity (layered window alpha).
+        #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+        if self.config.opacity < 1.0 {
+            apply_window_opacity(&window, self.config.opacity);
+        }
+
+        let mut renderer = Renderer::new(window.clone(), self.config.font_size);
+        renderer.set_color_scheme(self.config.color_scheme());
+
+        let (cols, rows) = renderer.terminal_size();
+
+        let workspace = Workspace::new(
+            self.config.shell_ref(),
+            cols,
+            rows,
+            self.config.scrollback_lines,
+        );
+
+        self.window = Some(window);
+        self.renderer = Some(renderer);
+        self.workspace = Some(workspace);
+
+        // C2: dispatch startup event so Lua config hooks can run once the
+        // window and workspace are live.
+        if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+            lua.dispatch("startup", "");
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn window_event(&mut self, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop, _id: WindowId, event: WindowEvent) {
+        match event {
+            // ── Window management ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+            WindowEvent::CloseRequested => {
+                if self.config.tray_icon {
+                    // D1: hide to tray instead of exiting.
+                    if let Some(win) = &self.window {
+                        win.set_visible(false);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    event_loop.exit();
+                }
+            }
+
+            WindowEvent::Resized(size) => {
+                if let Some(renderer) = &mut self.renderer {
+                    renderer.resize(size.width, size.height);
+                    if let Some(workspace) = &mut self.workspace {
+                        workspace.resize_all(
+                            size.width as f32,
+                            size.height as f32,
+                            renderer.cell_width,
+                            renderer.cell_height,
+                            renderer.cell_height, // tab bar = one cell row
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ── Input ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            WindowEvent::ModifiersChanged(mods) => {
+                self.modifiers = mods;
+            }
+
+            WindowEvent::KeyboardInput { event, .. } => {
+                if event.state == ElementState::Pressed {
+                    let decckm = self
+                        .workspace
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .and_then(|ws| ws.active_pane())
+                        .map(|p| p.terminal.modes.contains(TerminalModes::DECCKM))
+                        .unwrap_or(false);
+                    if let Some(action) = key_to_action(&event, &self.modifiers, decckm) {
+                        self.dispatch_action(action, event_loop);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ── Render ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            WindowEvent::RedrawRequested => {
+                if let (Some(renderer), Some(workspace)) =
+                    (self.renderer.as_mut(), self.workspace.as_mut())
+                {
+                    renderer.render_workspace(workspace);
+                }
+            }
+
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn about_to_wait(&mut self, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
+        // Drain PTY output.
+        let dirty = self
+            .workspace
+            .as_mut()
+            .map(|ws| ws.process_all_output())
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+
+        // Exit if all shells have died.
+        if self
+            .workspace
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|ws| ws.is_empty())
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+        {
+            log::info!("all panes dead — exiting");
+            event_loop.exit();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Poll config hot-reload.
+        self.poll_config_reload();
+
+        // Poll tray events.
+        if let Some(tray) = &self._tray {
+            match crate::tray::poll_events(tray) {
+                Some(crate::tray::TrayAction::Show) => {
+                    if let Some(win) = &self.window {
+                        win.set_visible(true);
+                        let _ = win.request_inner_size(win.inner_size());
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(crate::tray::TrayAction::Quit) => {
+                    event_loop.exit();
+                }
+                None => {}
+            }
+        }
+
+        if dirty {
+            if let Some(window) = &self.window {
+                window.request_redraw();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Action dispatch ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+impl App {
+    fn dispatch_action(&mut self, action: InputAction, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
+        let shell = self.config.shell.clone();
+        let scrollback = self.config.scrollback_lines;
+
+        match action {
+            InputAction::Bytes(bytes) => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    // Any keystroke snaps the viewport back to live output.
+                    ws.scroll_to_bottom_active();
+                    ws.write_to_active(&bytes);
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::Paste => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &self.workspace {
+                    match arboard::Clipboard::new().and_then(|mut cb| cb.get_text()) {
+                        Ok(text) => {
+                            let bracketed = ws
+                                .active_pane()
+                                .map(|p| p.terminal.modes.contains(TerminalModes::BRACKET_PASTE))
+                                .unwrap_or(false);
+                            let bytes = if bracketed {
+                                let mut v = b"\x1b[200~".to_vec();
+                                v.extend_from_slice(text.as_bytes());
+                                v.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[201~");
+                                v
+                            } else {
+                                text.into_bytes()
+                            };
+                            ws.write_to_active(&bytes);
+                        }
+                        Err(e) => log::warn!("clipboard read failed: {e}"),
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::ScrollUp => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.scroll_up_active(3);
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::ScrollDown => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.scroll_down_active(3);
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::SplitHorizontal => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.split_active(SplitDir::Horizontal, shell.as_deref(), scrollback);
+                    self.rebalance_layout();
+                }
+                if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+                    lua.dispatch("pane_opened", "");
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::SplitVertical => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.split_active(SplitDir::Vertical, shell.as_deref(), scrollback);
+                    self.rebalance_layout();
+                }
+                if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+                    lua.dispatch("pane_opened", "");
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::FocusNext => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.focus_next();
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::FocusPrev => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.focus_prev();
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::NewTab => {
+                if let Some((ws, renderer)) = self.workspace.as_mut().zip(self.renderer.as_ref()) {
+                    let (cols, rows) = renderer.terminal_size();
+                    ws.new_tab(shell.as_deref(), cols, rows, scrollback);
+                }
+                if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+                    lua.dispatch("pane_opened", "");
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::SwitchTab(idx) => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.switch_tab(idx);
+                }
+                if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+                    lua.dispatch("tab_switched", &idx.to_string());
+                }
+            }
+
+            InputAction::ClosePane => {
+                if let Some(ws) = &mut self.workspace {
+                    ws.close_active_pane();
+                    if ws.is_empty() {
+                        event_loop.exit();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    self.rebalance_layout();
+                }
+                if let Some(lua) = &self.lua {
+                    lua.dispatch("pane_closed", "");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Dispatch title change hook if active pane title changed.
+        if let (Some(ws), Some(lua)) = (&self.workspace, &self.lua) {
+            if let Some(pane) = ws.active_pane() {
+                lua.dispatch("title_change", &pane.title);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let Some(window) = &self.window {
+            window.request_redraw();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// After a structural change (split/close), propagate new sizes to all panes.
+    fn rebalance_layout(&mut self) {
+        if let (Some(ws), Some(renderer)) = (&mut self.workspace, &self.renderer) {
+            ws.resize_all(
+                renderer.surface_size().0 as f32,
+                renderer.surface_size().1 as f32,
+                renderer.cell_width,
+                renderer.cell_height,
+                renderer.cell_height,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn setup_watcher(
+    config: &Config,
+) -> (
+    Option<notify::RecommendedWatcher>,
+    Option<mpsc::Receiver<notify::Result<notify::Event>>>,
+) {
+    use notify::Watcher;
+    let config_path = Config::config_path();
+    let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel::<notify::Result<notify::Event>>();
+    let watcher = notify::RecommendedWatcher::new(
+        move |res| {
+            let _ = tx.send(res);
+        },
+        notify::Config::default(),
+    )
+    .ok()
+    .and_then(|mut w| {
+        w.watch(&config_path, notify::RecursiveMode::NonRecursive)
+            .ok()?;
+        Some(w)
+    });
+    let rx = if watcher.is_some() { Some(rx) } else { None };
+    let _ = config; // used for path derivation via Config::config_path()
+    (watcher, rx)
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+fn enable_mica_for_window(window: &Window) {
+    use winit::raw_window_handle::{HasWindowHandle, RawWindowHandle};
+    if let Ok(handle) = window.window_handle() {
+        if let RawWindowHandle::Win32(h) = handle.as_raw() {
+            let hwnd = windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND(h.hwnd.get() as *mut core::ffi::c_void);
+            if crate::dwm::enable_mica(hwnd) {
+                log::info!("Mica backdrop enabled");
+            } else {
+                log::debug!("Mica not supported on this Windows version");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Apply a window-wide alpha value using the Win32 layered-window API.
+///
+/// `opacity` is clamped to `[0.0, 1.0]` and mapped to a 0–255 byte.
+/// The window gains `WS_EX_LAYERED` if it does not already have it.
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+fn apply_window_opacity(window: &Window, opacity: f32) {
+    use windows::Win32::Foundation::{COLORREF, HWND};
+    use windows::Win32::UI::WindowsAndMessaging::{
+        GetWindowLongPtrW, SetLayeredWindowAttributes, SetWindowLongPtrW, GWL_EXSTYLE, LWA_ALPHA,
+        WS_EX_LAYERED,
+    };
+    use winit::raw_window_handle::{HasWindowHandle, RawWindowHandle};
+    if let Ok(handle) = window.window_handle() {
+        if let RawWindowHandle::Win32(h) = handle.as_raw() {
+            let hwnd = HWND(h.hwnd.get() as *mut core::ffi::c_void);
+            unsafe {
+                let ex_style = GetWindowLongPtrW(hwnd, GWL_EXSTYLE);
+                SetWindowLongPtrW(hwnd, GWL_EXSTYLE, ex_style | WS_EX_LAYERED.0 as isize);
+                let alpha = (opacity.clamp(0.0, 1.0) * 255.0) as u8;
+                if let Err(e) = SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hwnd, COLORREF(0), alpha, LWA_ALPHA) {
+                    log::warn!("SetLayeredWindowAttributes failed: {e}");
+                } else {
+                    log::info!("window opacity set to {opacity:.2} (alpha={alpha})");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/bin/bench_process.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+//! VT parser throughput benchmark.
+//!
+//! Measures how quickly the terminal can process raw bytes from a PTY stream.
+//! Methodology is modelled on Kitty's `kitten __benchmark__` (without `--render`):
+//!   1. Generate representative synthetic data for each scenario.
+//!   2. Do one warmup pass.
+//!   3. Run `REPETITIONS` timed passes, report MB/s and elapsed time.
+//!
+//! Run with:
+//!   cargo run --bin bench_process --release
+
+use std::time::Instant;
+use winiterm::terminal::Terminal;
+use winiterm::vt_parser::Parser;
+
+const REPETITIONS: usize = 100;
+
+// ─── Data generators ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const ASCII_PRINTABLE: &[u8] =
+    b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ `~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]{}\\|;:'\",<.>/?";
+const CONTROL_CHARS: &[u8] = b"\n\t";
+
+/// Simple linear-congruential PRNG (deterministic, no dependency).
+#[inline]
+fn lcg(rng: &mut u64) -> u64 {
+    *rng = rng
+        .wrapping_mul(6_364_136_223_846_793_005)
+        .wrapping_add(1_442_695_040_888_963_407);
+    *rng
+}
+
+/// Pick a random byte from `alphabet`.
+fn random_byte(rng: &mut u64, alphabet: &[u8]) -> u8 {
+    alphabet[(lcg(rng) >> 33) as usize % alphabet.len()]
+}
+
+/// Generate `len` random bytes from the combined ASCII + control alphabet.
+fn random_text(len: usize, rng: &mut u64) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let alphabet: Vec<u8> = ASCII_PRINTABLE
+        .iter()
+        .chain(CONTROL_CHARS.iter())
+        .copied()
+        .collect();
+    (0..len).map(|_| random_byte(rng, &alphabet)).collect()
+}
+
+// ─── Benchmark runner ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn run_benchmark<F>(name: &str, data: &[u8], repetitions: usize, setup: F)
+where
+    F: Fn() -> (Terminal, Parser),
+{
+    // Warmup
+    {
+        let (mut term, mut parser) = setup();
+        parser.parse(data, &mut term);
+    }
+
+    // Timed passes
+    let start = Instant::now();
+    for _ in 0..repetitions {
+        let (mut term, mut parser) = setup();
+        parser.parse(data, &mut term);
+    }
+    let elapsed = start.elapsed();
+
+    let total_bytes = data.len() * repetitions;
+    let mb = total_bytes as f64 / 1_048_576.0;
+    let rate = mb / elapsed.as_secs_f64();
+
+    println!(
+        "  {:<30} : {:>6.2}s  {:>8.1} MB/s  ({} reps × {:.2} MB)",
+        name,
+        elapsed.as_secs_f64(),
+        rate,
+        repetitions,
+        data.len() as f64 / 1_048_576.0,
+    );
+}
+
+fn make_terminal() -> (Terminal, Parser) {
+    (Terminal::new(80, 25, 20_000), Parser::new())
+}
+
+// ─── main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn main() {
+    println!("=== winiterm VT Parser Benchmark ===");
+    println!("(methodology matches Kitty's kitten __benchmark__ without --render)\n");
+
+    // ── 1. Plain ASCII text ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    println!("--- Plain ASCII text ---");
+    {
+        let target = 1024 * 2048 + 13;
+        let mut rng: u64 = 0xDEAD_BEEF;
+        let data = random_text(target, &mut rng);
+        run_benchmark("ascii_only", &data, REPETITIONS, make_terminal);
+    }
+
+    // ── 2. CSI escape codes interleaved with text ─────────────────────────────
+    println!("\n--- CSI codes with text ---");
+    {
+        let target = 1024 * 1024 + 17;
+        let mut rng: u64 = 0x1234_5678;
+        let mut data: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(target + 128);
+
+        while data.len() < target {
+            match (lcg(&mut rng) >> 33) % 10 {
+                0 => {
+                    // Plain text burst (1–72 chars)
+                    let len = ((lcg(&mut rng) >> 33) % 72 + 1) as usize;
+                    data.extend(random_text(len, &mut rng));
+                }
+                1 | 2 => {
+                    // Cursor movement + reset
+                    data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[m\x1b[?1h\x1b[H");
+                }
+                3 => {
+                    // SGR: bold + italic + colours
+                    data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[1;3;31;42m");
+                }
+                4 => {
+                    // SGR: 256-colour foreground + background
+                    data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[38;5;214;48;5;236m");
+                }
+                5 => {
+                    // SGR: true-colour (RGB) foreground
+                    data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[38;2;255;128;0m");
+                }
+                6 | 7 => {
+                    // Cursor movement + erase
+                    data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[m\x1b[5A\x1b[2K\x1b[1J");
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    // SGR reset + misc cursor
+                    data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[0m\x1b[10;20H\x1b[?25h");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[m");
+        run_benchmark("csi_with_text", &data, REPETITIONS, make_terminal);
+    }
+
+    // ── 3. Long OSC sequences (window titles) ────────────────────────────────
+    println!("\n--- Long OSC sequences ---");
+    {
+        let title_body: String = (0..512)
+            .map(|i| ASCII_PRINTABLE[i % ASCII_PRINTABLE.len()] as char)
+            .collect();
+        let mut data: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+        for _ in 0..2048 {
+            data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b]2;");
+            data.extend_from_slice(title_body.as_bytes());
+            data.push(0x07); // BEL terminator
+        }
+        run_benchmark("osc_long_titles", &data, REPETITIONS, make_terminal);
+    }
+
+    // ── 4. Dense colour changes (typical syntax-highlighted code output) ──────
+    println!("\n--- Dense colour output (syntax highlighting) ---");
+    {
+        let mut data: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+        let words = ["fn", "main", "let", "mut", "if", "return", "use", "pub"];
+        let mut rng: u64 = 0xABCD_EF01;
+        for _ in 0..8192 {
+            // Random foreground colour (30–45)
+            let fg = 30 + (lcg(&mut rng) >> 33) % 16;
+            let word = words[(lcg(&mut rng) >> 33) as usize % words.len()];
+            let seq = format!("\x1b[{fg}m{word} \x1b[m");
+            data.extend_from_slice(seq.as_bytes());
+        }
+        run_benchmark("dense_color_output", &data, REPETITIONS, make_terminal);
+    }
+
+    // ── 5. Mixed: scroll + insert/delete lines ────────────────────────────────
+    println!("\n--- Scroll-heavy output ---");
+    {
+        let mut data: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+        let mut rng: u64 = 0xFEED_FACE;
+        for _ in 0..4096 {
+            data.extend(random_text(60, &mut rng));
+            data.push(b'\n');
+            // Occasionally insert/delete lines
+            if (lcg(&mut rng) >> 33) % 8 == 0 {
+                data.extend_from_slice(b"\x1b[1L"); // insert line
+            }
+        }
+        run_benchmark("scroll_heavy", &data, REPETITIONS, make_terminal);
+    }
+
+    println!("\n=== Benchmark complete ===");
+    println!("Note: measures CPU parse + terminal state updates only (no GPU rendering).");
+    println!("Compare against Kitty: kitten __benchmark__  (without --render flag)");
+}
+
+// ─── Minimal `write!` support for building data vecs ─────────────────────────
+
+use std::fmt::Write as FmtWrite;
+
+struct VecWriter<'a>(&'a mut Vec<u8>);
+
+impl FmtWrite for VecWriter<'_> {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.0.extend_from_slice(s.as_bytes());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+// Override the `write!` macro to work with our VecWriter.
+trait WriteVec {
+    fn write_fmt(&mut self, args: std::fmt::Arguments<'_>);
+}
+
+impl WriteVec for Vec<u8> {
+    fn write_fmt(&mut self, args: std::fmt::Arguments<'_>) {
+        let _ = std::fmt::write(&mut VecWriter(self), args);
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/bin/bench_render.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//! Benchmark: CPU-side terminal-cell-instance building throughput.
+//!
+//! Measures how fast the renderer can produce `CellInstance` data for a
+//! fully-populated terminal grid without involving the GPU or a real window.
+//!
+//! Run with:
+//! ```
+//! cargo run --bin bench_render --release
+//! ```
+
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+use winiterm::terminal::Terminal;
+use winiterm::vt_parser::Parser;
+
+fn main() {
+    const COLS: usize = 220;
+    const ROWS: usize = 55;
+    const FRAMES: usize = 5_000;
+    const SCROLLBACK: usize = 1_000;
+
+    // Fill the terminal with a mix of ASCII text and escape sequences.
+    let mut terminal = Terminal::new(COLS, ROWS, SCROLLBACK);
+    let mut parser = Parser::new();
+
+    // A line that exercises SGR colours and printable ASCII.
+    let fill_line = format!(
+        "\x1b[32mHello\x1b[0m \x1b[1;33mworld\x1b[0m! {}",
+        "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789 ".repeat(4)
+    );
+    let fill_bytes = fill_line.as_bytes();
+    for _ in 0..ROWS {
+        parser.parse(fill_bytes, &mut terminal);
+        parser.parse(b"\r\n", &mut terminal);
+    }
+
+    // Simulate the CPU work done per frame: iterate all cells to count them.
+    // (A real renderer would write CellInstance structs into a Vec here.)
+    let cell_count = COLS * ROWS;
+    let mut total: u64 = 0;
+
+    let start = Instant::now();
+    for _ in 0..FRAMES {
+        for idx in 0..cell_count {
+            // Simulate the work of push_cell: read cell, inspect attrs.
+            let cell = &terminal.screen[idx];
+            total = total.wrapping_add(cell.ch as u64);
+        }
+    }
+    let elapsed = start.elapsed();
+    let _ = total; // prevent optimizer from eliding the loop
+
+    let fps = FRAMES as f64 / elapsed.as_secs_f64();
+    let mcells_per_sec = (FRAMES as f64 * cell_count as f64) / elapsed.as_secs_f64() / 1_000_000.0;
+
+    println!(
+        "bench_render: {} frames × {}×{} cells  →  {:.0} fps  ({:.0} Mcells/s)  [{:.2?}]",
+        FRAMES, COLS, ROWS, fps, mcells_per_sec, elapsed
+    );
+}

winiterm/src/colorscheme.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+//! Built-in terminal colour schemes (Phase 7).
+//!
+//! Each scheme provides the 16 ANSI colours plus default fg/bg/cursor.
+//! The active scheme is chosen via the Lua config (`winiterm.color_scheme`).
+
+// ─── Type ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A complete terminal colour palette.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct ColorScheme {
+    pub name: &'static str,
+    /// ANSI colours 0–15 as linear [r,g,b] (0–255).
+    pub ansi: [[u8; 3]; 16],
+    /// Default foreground colour.
+    pub foreground: [u8; 3],
+    /// Default background colour.
+    pub background: [u8; 3],
+    /// Cursor colour.
+    pub cursor: [u8; 3],
+    /// Selection background.
+    pub selection_bg: [u8; 3],
+}
+
+impl ColorScheme {
+    /// Convert a `[u8; 3]` colour to a `[f32; 4]` RGBA value.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn to_rgba(c: [u8; 3]) -> [f32; 4] {
+        [
+            c[0] as f32 / 255.0,
+            c[1] as f32 / 255.0,
+            c[2] as f32 / 255.0,
+            1.0,
+        ]
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Built-in schemes ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub const MONOKAI: ColorScheme = ColorScheme {
+    name: "monokai",
+    ansi: [
+        [0x27, 0x28, 0x22], // 0  black
+        [0xF9, 0x26, 0x72], // 1  red
+        [0xA6, 0xE2, 0x2E], // 2  green
+        [0xF4, 0xBF, 0x75], // 3  yellow
+        [0x66, 0xD9, 0xEF], // 4  blue
+        [0xAE, 0x81, 0xFF], // 5  magenta
+        [0x2A, 0xA1, 0x98], // 6  cyan
+        [0xF8, 0xF8, 0xF2], // 7  white
+        [0x75, 0x71, 0x5E], // 8  bright black
+        [0xF9, 0x26, 0x72], // 9  bright red
+        [0xA6, 0xE2, 0x2E], // 10 bright green
+        [0xF4, 0xBF, 0x75], // 11 bright yellow
+        [0x66, 0xD9, 0xEF], // 12 bright blue
+        [0xAE, 0x81, 0xFF], // 13 bright magenta
+        [0x2A, 0xA1, 0x98], // 14 bright cyan
+        [0xF9, 0xF8, 0xF5], // 15 bright white
+    ],
+    foreground: [0xF8, 0xF8, 0xF2],
+    background: [0x27, 0x28, 0x22],
+    cursor: [0xF8, 0xF8, 0xF0],
+    selection_bg: [0x49, 0x48, 0x3E],
+};
+
+pub const NORD: ColorScheme = ColorScheme {
+    name: "nord",
+    ansi: [
+        [0x2E, 0x34, 0x40], // 0  black
+        [0xBF, 0x61, 0x6A], // 1  red
+        [0xA3, 0xBE, 0x8C], // 2  green
+        [0xEB, 0xCB, 0x8B], // 3  yellow
+        [0x81, 0xA1, 0xC1], // 4  blue
+        [0xB4, 0x8E, 0xAD], // 5  magenta
+        [0x88, 0xC0, 0xD0], // 6  cyan
+        [0xE5, 0xE9, 0xF0], // 7  white
+        [0x4C, 0x56, 0x6A], // 8  bright black
+        [0xBF, 0x61, 0x6A], // 9  bright red
+        [0xA3, 0xBE, 0x8C], // 10 bright green
+        [0xEB, 0xCB, 0x8B], // 11 bright yellow
+        [0x81, 0xA1, 0xC1], // 12 bright blue
+        [0xB4, 0x8E, 0xAD], // 13 bright magenta
+        [0x8F, 0xBC, 0xBB], // 14 bright cyan
+        [0xEC, 0xEF, 0xF4], // 15 bright white
+    ],
+    foreground: [0xD8, 0xDE, 0xE9],
+    background: [0x2E, 0x34, 0x40],
+    cursor: [0xD8, 0xDE, 0xE9],
+    selection_bg: [0x43, 0x4C, 0x5E],
+};
+
+pub const DRACULA: ColorScheme = ColorScheme {
+    name: "dracula",
+    ansi: [
+        [0x21, 0x22, 0x2C], // 0  black
+        [0xFF, 0x55, 0x55], // 1  red
+        [0x50, 0xFA, 0x7B], // 2  green
+        [0xF1, 0xFA, 0x8C], // 3  yellow
+        [0xBD, 0x93, 0xF9], // 4  blue
+        [0xFF, 0x79, 0xC6], // 5  magenta
+        [0x8B, 0xE9, 0xFD], // 6  cyan
+        [0xF8, 0xF8, 0xF2], // 7  white
+        [0x62, 0x72, 0xA4], // 8  bright black
+        [0xFF, 0x6E, 0x6E], // 9  bright red
+        [0x69, 0xFF, 0x94], // 10 bright green
+        [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xA5], // 11 bright yellow
+        [0xD6, 0xAC, 0xFF], // 12 bright blue
+        [0xFF, 0x92, 0xDF], // 13 bright magenta
+        [0xA4, 0xFF, 0xFF], // 14 bright cyan
+        [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF], // 15 bright white
+    ],
+    foreground: [0xF8, 0xF8, 0xF2],
+    background: [0x28, 0x2A, 0x36],
+    cursor: [0xF8, 0xF8, 0xF2],
+    selection_bg: [0x44, 0x47, 0x5A],
+};
+
+pub const ONE_DARK: ColorScheme = ColorScheme {
+    name: "one_dark",
+    ansi: [
+        [0x28, 0x2C, 0x34], // 0  black
+        [0xE0, 0x6C, 0x75], // 1  red
+        [0x98, 0xC3, 0x79], // 2  green
+        [0xE5, 0xC0, 0x7B], // 3  yellow
+        [0x61, 0xAF, 0xEF], // 4  blue
+        [0xC6, 0x78, 0xDD], // 5  magenta
+        [0x56, 0xB6, 0xC2], // 6  cyan
+        [0xAB, 0xB2, 0xBF], // 7  white
+        [0x5C, 0x63, 0x70], // 8  bright black
+        [0xE0, 0x6C, 0x75], // 9  bright red
+        [0x98, 0xC3, 0x79], // 10 bright green
+        [0xE5, 0xC0, 0x7B], // 11 bright yellow
+        [0x61, 0xAF, 0xEF], // 12 bright blue
+        [0xC6, 0x78, 0xDD], // 13 bright magenta
+        [0x56, 0xB6, 0xC2], // 14 bright cyan
+        [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF], // 15 bright white
+    ],
+    foreground: [0xAB, 0xB2, 0xBF],
+    background: [0x28, 0x2C, 0x34],
+    cursor: [0x52, 0x8B, 0xFF],
+    selection_bg: [0x3E, 0x44, 0x51],
+};
+
+pub const SOLARIZED_DARK: ColorScheme = ColorScheme {
+    name: "solarized_dark",
+    ansi: [
+        [0x07, 0x36, 0x42], // 0  base02
+        [0xDC, 0x32, 0x2F], // 1  red
+        [0x85, 0x99, 0x00], // 2  green
+        [0xB5, 0x89, 0x00], // 3  yellow
+        [0x26, 0x8B, 0xD2], // 4  blue
+        [0xD3, 0x36, 0x82], // 5  magenta
+        [0x2A, 0xA1, 0x98], // 6  cyan
+        [0xEE, 0xE8, 0xD5], // 7  base2
+        [0x00, 0x2B, 0x36], // 8  base03
+        [0xCB, 0x4B, 0x16], // 9  orange
+        [0x58, 0x6E, 0x75], // 10 base01
+        [0x65, 0x7B, 0x83], // 11 base00
+        [0x83, 0x94, 0x96], // 12 base0
+        [0x6C, 0x71, 0xC4], // 13 violet
+        [0x93, 0xA1, 0xA1], // 14 base1
+        [0xFD, 0xF6, 0xE3], // 15 base3
+    ],
+    foreground: [0x83, 0x94, 0x96],
+    background: [0x00, 0x2B, 0x36],
+    cursor: [0x26, 0x8B, 0xD2],
+    selection_bg: [0x07, 0x36, 0x42],
+};
+
+pub const GRUVBOX: ColorScheme = ColorScheme {
+    name: "gruvbox",
+    ansi: [
+        [0x28, 0x28, 0x28], // 0  bg
+        [0xCC, 0x24, 0x1D], // 1  red
+        [0x98, 0x97, 0x1A], // 2  green
+        [0xD7, 0x99, 0x21], // 3  yellow
+        [0x45, 0x85, 0x88], // 4  blue
+        [0xB1, 0x62, 0x86], // 5  purple
+        [0x68, 0x9D, 0x6A], // 6  aqua
+        [0xA8, 0x99, 0x84], // 7  fg4
+        [0x92, 0x83, 0x74], // 8  gray
+        [0xFB, 0x49, 0x34], // 9  bright red
+        [0xB8, 0xBB, 0x26], // 10 bright green
+        [0xFA, 0xBD, 0x2F], // 11 bright yellow
+        [0x83, 0xA5, 0x98], // 12 bright blue
+        [0xD3, 0x86, 0x9B], // 13 bright purple
+        [0x8E, 0xC0, 0x7C], // 14 bright aqua
+        [0xEB, 0xDB, 0xB2], // 15 fg
+    ],
+    foreground: [0xEB, 0xDB, 0xB2],
+    background: [0x28, 0x28, 0x28],
+    cursor: [0xEB, 0xDB, 0xB2],
+    selection_bg: [0x3C, 0x38, 0x36],
+};
+
+// ─── Registry ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// All built-in schemes.  The first entry is the default.
+pub const ALL: &[&ColorScheme] = &[
+    &MONOKAI,
+    &NORD,
+    &DRACULA,
+    &ONE_DARK,
+    &SOLARIZED_DARK,
+    &GRUVBOX,
+];
+
+/// Look up a scheme by name (case-insensitive).  Falls back to Monokai.
+pub fn by_name(name: &str) -> &'static ColorScheme {
+    ALL.iter()
+        .find(|s| s.name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(name))
+        .copied()
+        .unwrap_or(&MONOKAI)
+}

winiterm/src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+//! Application configuration — loaded from a Lua script (Phase 5).
+//!
+//! The config file lives at `%APPDATA%\winiterm\config.lua` and is expected
+//! to `return` a plain table of key/value pairs.  Missing keys fall back to
+//! built-in defaults.  Parse errors are logged and defaults are used.
+
+use crate::colorscheme::{by_name, ColorScheme};
+
+// ─── Config struct ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// All user-tunable settings.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct Config {
+    /// Base font size in logical pixels (DPI-scaled automatically).
+    pub font_size: f32,
+    /// Name of the active colour scheme (case-insensitive).
+    pub color_scheme: String,
+    /// Shell executable path.  `None` → auto-detect.
+    pub shell: Option<String>,
+    /// Scrollback buffer size (lines).
+    pub scrollback_lines: usize,
+    /// Try to enable Windows 11 Mica backdrop transparency.
+    pub enable_mica: bool,
+    /// Show a persistent system-tray icon.
+    pub tray_icon: bool,
+    /// Window opacity in \[0, 1\].
+    pub opacity: f32,
+}
+
+impl Default for Config {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            font_size: 16.0,
+            color_scheme: "monokai".to_string(),
+            shell: None,
+            scrollback_lines: 10_000,
+            enable_mica: false,
+            tray_icon: false,
+            opacity: 1.0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Config {
+    // ── File location ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Path to the Lua config file.
+    pub fn config_path() -> std::path::PathBuf {
+        let appdata = std::env::var("APPDATA").unwrap_or_else(|_| ".".to_string());
+        std::path::PathBuf::from(appdata)
+            .join("winiterm")
+            .join("config.lua")
+    }
+
+    // ── Loading ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Load configuration from disk.  Falls back to defaults on any error.
+    pub fn load() -> Self {
+        let path = Self::config_path();
+        if !path.exists() {
+            log::debug!("config not found at {}, using defaults", path.display());
+            return Self::default();
+        }
+        let code = match std::fs::read_to_string(&path) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::warn!("could not read config {}: {e}", path.display());
+                return Self::default();
+            }
+        };
+        match Self::parse_lua(&code) {
+            Ok(c) => {
+                log::info!("loaded config from {}", path.display());
+                c
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::warn!("config parse error: {e}");
+                Self::default()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn parse_lua(code: &str) -> mlua::Result<Self> {
+        use mlua::Lua;
+        let lua = Lua::new();
+        let tbl: mlua::Table = lua.load(code).eval()?;
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            font_size: tbl.get::<f32>("font_size").unwrap_or(16.0),
+            color_scheme: tbl
+                .get::<String>("color_scheme")
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "monokai".to_string()),
+            shell: tbl.get::<Option<String>>("shell").unwrap_or(None),
+            scrollback_lines: tbl.get::<usize>("scrollback_lines").unwrap_or(10_000),
+            enable_mica: tbl.get::<bool>("enable_mica").unwrap_or(false),
+            tray_icon: tbl.get::<bool>("tray_icon").unwrap_or(false),
+            opacity: tbl.get::<f32>("opacity").unwrap_or(1.0),
+        })
+    }
+
+    // ── Convenience accessors ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Look up the active [`ColorScheme`] by name.
+    pub fn color_scheme(&self) -> &'static ColorScheme {
+        by_name(&self.color_scheme)
+    }
+
+    /// Shell as `Option<&str>`, ready to pass to `Pty::spawn`.
+    pub fn shell_ref(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.shell.as_deref()
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/dwm.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//! DWM window transparency — Windows 11 Mica backdrop (Phase 8).
+//!
+//! `enable_mica` applies the Mica system backdrop to the given window handle.
+//! On older Windows versions (pre-22H2) the DWM attribute is unknown and the
+//! call fails silently, returning `false`.
+
+use windows::Win32::Foundation::HWND;
+use windows::Win32::Graphics::Dwm::{DwmSetWindowAttribute, DWMWINDOWATTRIBUTE};
+
+/// `DWMWA_SYSTEMBACKDROP_TYPE` — attribute index 38, added in Windows 11 22H2.
+const DWMWA_SYSTEMBACKDROP_TYPE: DWMWINDOWATTRIBUTE = DWMWINDOWATTRIBUTE(38);
+
+/// `DWMSBT_MAINWINDOW` — Mica effect value for `DWMWA_SYSTEMBACKDROP_TYPE`.
+const DWMSBT_MAINWINDOW: u32 = 2;
+
+/// Attempt to enable the Mica backdrop on `hwnd`.
+///
+/// Returns `true` if the DWM call succeeded. Returns `false` (no-ops) on
+/// pre-Windows 11 22H2 where the attribute is unsupported.
+pub fn enable_mica(hwnd: HWND) -> bool {
+    let backdrop: u32 = DWMSBT_MAINWINDOW;
+    // SAFETY: `DwmSetWindowAttribute` is a standard Win32 API.  We pass a
+    // correctly-sized pointer to a `u32` and its byte-size.
+    unsafe {
+        DwmSetWindowAttribute(
+            hwnd,
+            DWMWA_SYSTEMBACKDROP_TYPE,
+            (&backdrop as *const u32).cast(),
+            std::mem::size_of::<u32>() as u32,
+        )
+        .is_ok()
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/input.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+//! Keyboard event → terminal action translation.
+//!
+//! [`key_to_action`] converts a winit key event + modifier state into an
+//! [`InputAction`].  Multiplexer hotkeys (Ctrl+Shift+…) are checked first and
+//! take precedence over normal VT byte generation.
+//!
+//! New in A-series:
+//! * Alt key: prefixes generated bytes with `\x1b` (xterm metaSendsEscape).
+//! * Paste: `Ctrl+Shift+V` → [`InputAction::Paste`].
+//! * Scrollback: `Ctrl+Shift+Up/Down` → [`InputAction::ScrollUp`] / `ScrollDown`.
+//! * DECCKM: `decckm` parameter selects SS3 vs CSI cursor key encoding.
+
+use winit::event::{ElementState, KeyEvent, Modifiers};
+use winit::keyboard::{Key, KeyCode, NamedKey, PhysicalKey};
+
+// ─── InputAction ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// The result of translating a key press.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum InputAction {
+    /// Raw bytes to write to the active pane's PTY stdin.
+    Bytes(Vec<u8>),
+    // ── Multiplexer commands ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /// Split active pane horizontally (left | right).
+    SplitHorizontal,
+    /// Split active pane vertically (top / bottom).
+    SplitVertical,
+    /// Move focus to the next pane in tree order.
+    FocusNext,
+    /// Move focus to the previous pane in tree order.
+    FocusPrev,
+    /// Open a new tab.
+    NewTab,
+    /// Switch to tab by 0-based index.
+    SwitchTab(usize),
+    /// Close the active pane (or current tab if it is the last pane).
+    ClosePane,
+    /// Paste text from the system clipboard (Ctrl+Shift+V).
+    Paste,
+    /// Scroll the active pane up into the scrollback buffer (Ctrl+Shift+Up).
+    ScrollUp,
+    /// Scroll the active pane down towards live output (Ctrl+Shift+Down).
+    ScrollDown,
+}
+
+// ─── Public API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Translate a pressed key event into an [`InputAction`].
+///
+/// `decckm` — whether DECCKM (application cursor key mode, `?1h`) is active
+/// in the current terminal.  When `true`, arrow keys send `\x1bOA` (SS3)
+/// instead of `\x1b[A` (CSI).
+///
+/// Returns `None` for release events, unhandled keys, or pure-modifier presses.
+pub fn key_to_action(event: &KeyEvent, mods: &Modifiers, decckm: bool) -> Option<InputAction> {
+    if event.state == ElementState::Released {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let ctrl = mods.state().control_key();
+    let shift = mods.state().shift_key();
+    let alt = mods.state().alt_key();
+
+    // ── Multiplexer hotkeys (Ctrl+Shift) ──────────────────────────────────────
+    // These take precedence and never reach the shell.
+    if ctrl && shift {
+        let action = match &event.physical_key {
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::Backslash) => Some(InputAction::SplitHorizontal),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::Minus) => Some(InputAction::SplitVertical),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::BracketLeft) => Some(InputAction::FocusPrev),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::BracketRight) => Some(InputAction::FocusNext),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::KeyT) => Some(InputAction::NewTab),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::KeyW) => Some(InputAction::ClosePane),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::KeyV) => Some(InputAction::Paste),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::ArrowUp) => Some(InputAction::ScrollUp),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(KeyCode::ArrowDown) => Some(InputAction::ScrollDown),
+            PhysicalKey::Code(c) => digit_to_tab(c),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+        if action.is_some() {
+            return action;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Normal VT byte generation ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+    let action = match &event.logical_key {
+        Key::Character(s) => {
+            if ctrl {
+                let ch = s.chars().next()?.to_ascii_lowercase();
+                let byte = match ch {
+                    'a'..='z' => ch as u8 - b'a' + 1,
+                    '[' => 0x1b, // ESC
+                    '\\' => 0x1c,
+                    ']' => 0x1d,
+                    '^' => 0x1e,
+                    '_' => 0x1f,
+                    _ => return None,
+                };
+                Some(InputAction::Bytes(vec![byte]))
+            } else {
+                Some(InputAction::Bytes(s.as_bytes().to_vec()))
+            }
+        }
+
+        Key::Named(named) => translate_named(named, shift, decckm),
+
+        Key::Unidentified(_) | Key::Dead(_) => None,
+    };
+
+    // Alt (xterm metaSendsEscape): prefix generated bytes with ESC.
+    if alt {
+        if let Some(InputAction::Bytes(ref bytes)) = action {
+            let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(bytes.len() + 1);
+            v.push(0x1b);
+            v.extend_from_slice(bytes);
+            return Some(InputAction::Bytes(v));
+        }
+    }
+
+    action
+}
+
+// ─── Private helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn digit_to_tab(code: &KeyCode) -> Option<InputAction> {
+    let n: usize = match code {
+        KeyCode::Digit1 => 1,
+        KeyCode::Digit2 => 2,
+        KeyCode::Digit3 => 3,
+        KeyCode::Digit4 => 4,
+        KeyCode::Digit5 => 5,
+        KeyCode::Digit6 => 6,
+        KeyCode::Digit7 => 7,
+        KeyCode::Digit8 => 8,
+        KeyCode::Digit9 => 9,
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    Some(InputAction::SwitchTab(n - 1))
+}
+
+fn translate_named(key: &NamedKey, shift: bool, decckm: bool) -> Option<InputAction> {
+    let bytes: &[u8] = match key {
+        NamedKey::Enter => b"\r",
+        NamedKey::Backspace => b"\x7f",
+        NamedKey::Tab => {
+            return Some(InputAction::Bytes(if shift {
+                b"\x1b[Z".to_vec() // Shift+Tab = back-tab
+            } else {
+                b"\t".to_vec()
+            }));
+        }
+        NamedKey::Escape => b"\x1b",
+        NamedKey::Space => b" ",
+
+        // Cursor keys — DECCKM selects SS3 (application) vs CSI (normal).
+        NamedKey::ArrowUp => {
+            if decckm {
+                b"\x1bOA"
+            } else {
+                b"\x1b[A"
+            }
+        }
+        NamedKey::ArrowDown => {
+            if decckm {
+                b"\x1bOB"
+            } else {
+                b"\x1b[B"
+            }
+        }
+        NamedKey::ArrowRight => {
+            if decckm {
+                b"\x1bOC"
+            } else {
+                b"\x1b[C"
+            }
+        }
+        NamedKey::ArrowLeft => {
+            if decckm {
+                b"\x1bOD"
+            } else {
+                b"\x1b[D"
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Home / End also use SS3 in application cursor mode.
+        NamedKey::Home => {
+            if decckm {
+                b"\x1bOH"
+            } else {
+                b"\x1b[H"
+            }
+        }
+        NamedKey::End => {
+            if decckm {
+                b"\x1bOF"
+            } else {
+                b"\x1b[F"
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Editing keys.
+        NamedKey::Insert => b"\x1b[2~",
+        NamedKey::Delete => b"\x1b[3~",
+        NamedKey::PageUp => b"\x1b[5~",
+        NamedKey::PageDown => b"\x1b[6~",
+
+        // Function keys (xterm encoding).
+        NamedKey::F1 => b"\x1bOP",
+        NamedKey::F2 => b"\x1bOQ",
+        NamedKey::F3 => b"\x1bOR",
+        NamedKey::F4 => b"\x1bOS",
+        NamedKey::F5 => b"\x1b[15~",
+        NamedKey::F6 => b"\x1b[17~",
+        NamedKey::F7 => b"\x1b[18~",
+        NamedKey::F8 => b"\x1b[19~",
+        NamedKey::F9 => b"\x1b[20~",
+        NamedKey::F10 => b"\x1b[21~",
+        NamedKey::F11 => b"\x1b[23~",
+        NamedKey::F12 => b"\x1b[24~",
+
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    Some(InputAction::Bytes(bytes.to_vec()))
+}

winiterm/src/kitty.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+//! Kitty Graphics Protocol — APC sequence parser and image registry (Phase 9).
+//!
+//! Parses `ESC_G…ST` sequences emitted by Kitty-protocol-aware applications
+//! and assembles them into decoded RGBA images stored in a [`KittyRegistry`].
+//!
+//! Integration note: the VT parser accumulates APC bytes in its `dcs_buf`
+//! (state `SosPmApcString`).  Phase 9 wiring will route those bytes through
+//! [`KittyRegistry::ingest`] before discarding them.
+
+use base64::{engine::general_purpose::STANDARD as B64, Engine};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+// ─── Control block ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Key/value data decoded from a single Kitty APC control block.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct KittyControl {
+    /// Action: `'t'` transmit, `'p'` put, `'d'` delete, `'q'` query.
+    pub action: Option<char>,
+    /// Image ID.
+    pub image_id: Option<u32>,
+    /// Placement ID.
+    pub placement_id: Option<u32>,
+    /// Data format: 32 = RGBA, 24 = RGB, 100 = PNG.
+    pub format: Option<u32>,
+    /// Image width in pixels.
+    pub width: Option<u32>,
+    /// Image height in pixels.
+    pub height: Option<u32>,
+    /// `true` when more chunks are expected (`m=1`).
+    pub more: bool,
+    /// Suppress response (`q≠0`).
+    pub quiet: bool,
+}
+
+// ─── Image ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A fully decoded Kitty image (RGBA pixels, row-major).
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct KittyImage {
+    pub id: u32,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    /// Raw RGBA pixels: `width * height * 4` bytes.
+    pub rgba: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+// ─── Registry ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Stores assembled Kitty images keyed by image ID, and accumulates partial
+/// multi-chunk transmissions until the final chunk arrives.
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct KittyRegistry {
+    images: HashMap<u32, KittyImage>,
+    /// Partial payloads awaiting their final chunk: id → (control, raw bytes).
+    pending: HashMap<u32, (KittyControl, Vec<u8>)>,
+}
+
+impl KittyRegistry {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    /// Ingest the raw bytes of a Kitty APC sequence — everything between the
+    /// `ESC_G` introducer and the `ST` terminator.
+    pub fn ingest(&mut self, payload: &[u8]) {
+        let Some((ctrl_bytes, b64)) = split_payload(payload) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let ctrl = parse_control(ctrl_bytes);
+        let mut decoded = B64.decode(b64).unwrap_or_default();
+        let id = ctrl.image_id.unwrap_or(0);
+
+        if ctrl.more {
+            // Accumulate partial chunk.
+            self.pending
+                .entry(id)
+                .and_modify(|(_, buf)| buf.append(&mut decoded))
+                .or_insert_with(|| (ctrl, decoded));
+        } else {
+            // Final chunk — assemble the complete image.
+            let (base_ctrl, mut buf) = self
+                .pending
+                .remove(&id)
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| (ctrl.clone(), Vec::new()));
+            buf.append(&mut decoded);
+
+            let w = base_ctrl.width.unwrap_or(0);
+            let h = base_ctrl.height.unwrap_or(0);
+            if w > 0 && h > 0 {
+                let rgba = match base_ctrl.format.unwrap_or(32) {
+                    100 => decode_png(&buf),
+                    32 => buf,
+                    24 => rgb_to_rgba(&buf),
+                    _ => buf,
+                };
+                self.images.insert(
+                    id,
+                    KittyImage {
+                        id,
+                        width: w,
+                        height: h,
+                        rgba,
+                    },
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Retrieve a decoded image by ID.
+    pub fn get(&self, id: u32) -> Option<&KittyImage> {
+        self.images.get(&id)
+    }
+
+    /// Remove a single image and any pending chunks for it by ID.
+    pub fn remove(&mut self, id: u32) {
+        self.images.remove(&id);
+        self.pending.remove(&id);
+    }
+
+    /// Remove all stored images and pending chunks.
+    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
+        self.images.clear();
+        self.pending.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Public helper ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Parse only the control header of a raw Kitty APC payload
+/// (everything after the leading `'G'` byte and before `ST`).
+///
+/// Returns a default [`KittyControl`] when the payload has no `';'` separator.
+pub fn parse_header(payload: &[u8]) -> KittyControl {
+    split_payload(payload)
+        .map(|(ctrl, _)| parse_control(ctrl))
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+// ─── Private helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Split the payload at the first `';'` separator.
+fn split_payload(payload: &[u8]) -> Option<(&[u8], &[u8])> {
+    payload
+        .iter()
+        .position(|&b| b == b';')
+        .map(|i| (&payload[..i], &payload[i + 1..]))
+}
+
+/// Parse comma-separated `key=value` control data.
+fn parse_control(ctrl: &[u8]) -> KittyControl {
+    let mut c = KittyControl::default();
+    for kv in ctrl.split(|&b| b == b',') {
+        if kv.len() < 3 || kv[1] != b'=' {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let val = &kv[2..];
+        match kv[0] {
+            b'a' => c.action = val.first().map(|&b| b as char),
+            b'i' => c.image_id = parse_u32(val),
+            b'p' => c.placement_id = parse_u32(val),
+            b'f' => c.format = parse_u32(val),
+            b's' => c.width = parse_u32(val),
+            b'v' => c.height = parse_u32(val),
+            b'm' => c.more = val == b"1",
+            b'q' => c.quiet = val != b"0",
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    c
+}
+
+fn parse_u32(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<u32> {
+    std::str::from_utf8(bytes).ok()?.parse().ok()
+}
+
+fn decode_png(data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    image::load_from_memory(data)
+        .map(|img| img.into_rgba8().into_raw())
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+fn rgb_to_rgba(data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(data.len() / 3 * 4);
+    for chunk in data.chunks_exact(3) {
+        out.extend_from_slice(chunk);
+        out.push(255);
+    }
+    out
+}

winiterm/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//! winiterm — GPU-accelerated terminal emulator for Windows.
+//!
+//! Library root: exposes all core modules for use by the main binary
+//! and standalone benchmark binaries.
+
+pub mod app;
+pub mod colorscheme;
+pub mod config;
+pub mod dwm;
+pub mod input;
+pub mod kitty;
+pub mod lua_api;
+pub mod pane;
+pub mod pty;
+pub mod renderer;
+pub mod split;
+pub mod terminal;
+pub mod tray;
+pub mod vt_parser;
+pub mod workspace;

winiterm/src/lua_api.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+//! Lua event-hook system (Phase 6).
+//!
+//! [`LuaApi`] owns a Lua 5.4 state and exposes a `winiterm.on(event, fn)`
+//! function that plugins / the config file can call to register callbacks.
+//! Events are dispatched synchronously from the Rust side via
+//! [`LuaApi::dispatch`].
+//!
+//! # Usage in config.lua
+//! ```lua
+//! local winiterm = require 'winiterm'  -- or just access the global
+//! winiterm.on("title_change", function(title)
+//!     print("title changed to " .. title)
+//! end)
+//! ```
+
+use mlua::{Function as LuaFunction, Lua, Table as LuaTable};
+
+// ─── LuaApi ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Owns the Lua state and the hook registry.
+pub struct LuaApi {
+    lua: Lua,
+}
+
+impl LuaApi {
+    /// Create a new Lua state and set up the `winiterm` global module.
+    pub fn new() -> mlua::Result<Self> {
+        let lua = Lua::new();
+        Self::setup_globals(&lua)?;
+        Ok(Self { lua })
+    }
+
+    fn setup_globals(lua: &Lua) -> mlua::Result<()> {
+        // Internal storage: _winiterm_hooks[event_name] = { fn, fn, … }
+        let hooks: LuaTable = lua.create_table()?;
+        lua.globals().set("_winiterm_hooks", hooks)?;
+
+        // winiterm.on(event, callback)
+        let on_fn = lua.create_function(|lua, (event, cb): (String, LuaFunction)| {
+            let hooks: LuaTable = lua.globals().get("_winiterm_hooks")?;
+            let list: LuaTable = hooks
+                .get::<Option<LuaTable>>(event.as_str())?
+                .unwrap_or(lua.create_table()?);
+            list.push(cb)?;
+            hooks.set(event.as_str(), list)?;
+            Ok(())
+        })?;
+
+        let winiterm: LuaTable = lua.create_table()?;
+        winiterm.set("on", on_fn)?;
+        lua.globals().set("winiterm", winiterm)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Execute a Lua script in the current state.
+    ///
+    /// Can be called multiple times (e.g. once for the built-in defaults and
+    /// once for the user config).
+    pub fn exec(&self, code: &str) -> mlua::Result<()> {
+        self.lua.load(code).exec()
+    }
+
+    /// Read the config file at `path` and execute it in this Lua state,
+    /// registering any `winiterm.on(...)` hooks it defines.
+    ///
+    /// Silently succeeds if the file does not exist yet.
+    pub fn exec_config(&self, path: &std::path::Path) -> mlua::Result<()> {
+        if !path.exists() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let code =
+            std::fs::read_to_string(path).map_err(|e| mlua::Error::RuntimeError(e.to_string()))?;
+        self.lua.load(code.as_str()).exec()
+    }
+
+    /// Clear all registered event hooks (call before re-executing the config
+    /// file on hot-reload so that callbacks do not accumulate).
+    pub fn clear_hooks(&self) {
+        if let Ok(hooks) = self.lua.create_table() {
+            let _ = self.lua.globals().set("_winiterm_hooks", hooks);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Dispatch an event to all registered callbacks, passing `arg` as the
+    /// single string argument.
+    pub fn dispatch(&self, event: &str, arg: &str) {
+        let hooks: LuaTable = match self.lua.globals().get("_winiterm_hooks") {
+            Ok(t) => t,
+            Err(_) => return,
+        };
+        let list: LuaTable = match hooks.get::<Option<LuaTable>>(event) {
+            Ok(Some(t)) => t,
+            _ => return,
+        };
+        for cb in list.sequence_values::<LuaFunction>() {
+            if let Ok(f) = cb {
+                let _ = f.call::<()>(arg.to_owned());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for LuaApi {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new().expect("failed to create Lua state")
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+//! winiterm — GPU-accelerated terminal emulator for Windows.
+//!
+//! Declared as a Windows GUI application so that Windows does not allocate or
+//! attach a console to this process on startup.  Without this attribute the
+//! process would inherit cargo's console, which causes `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED`
+//! (0xC0000142) in the ConPTY child process (e.g. pwsh.exe) because the
+//! ConHost.exe backing the pseudo-console conflicts with the already-attached
+//! parent console.
+//!
+//! Even with `windows_subsystem = "windows"`, launching from an existing
+//! terminal (bash, cmd, Windows Terminal) causes the process to *inherit* the
+//! parent's console handle.  `FreeConsole` releases that handle before any
+//! ConPTY is created, so child processes never see a conflicting console.
+//! Calling it when there is no console (double-click launch) is a safe no-op.
+//!
+//! Logs are written to `%APPDATA%\winiterm\winiterm.log` so they are always
+//! accessible regardless of how the binary was launched.  Set `RUST_LOG` to
+//! override the default `info` level (e.g. `RUST_LOG=debug`).
+#![windows_subsystem = "windows"]
+
+fn main() {
+    // Log to a file rather than stderr: for a windows_subsystem = "windows"
+    // binary the stderr handle is often not connected to anything useful when
+    // launched from PowerShell or by double-clicking.
+    init_logging();
+
+    // Detach from any inherited console before creating ConPTY children.
+    // This prevents STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED (0xC0000142) regardless of how
+    // the binary was launched.  File handles (including the log file) are
+    // unaffected by FreeConsole.
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    // SAFETY: FreeConsole has no preconditions and is always safe to call.
+    unsafe {
+        let _ = windows::Win32::System::Console::FreeConsole();
+    }
+
+    winiterm::app::App::run();
+}
+
+/// Initialise `env_logger` to write to `%APPDATA%\winiterm\winiterm.log`.
+///
+/// The directory is created if it does not exist.  Falls back to stderr if
+/// the file cannot be opened.  Default level is `info`; set `RUST_LOG` to
+/// override (e.g. `RUST_LOG=debug` or `RUST_LOG=winiterm=trace`).
+fn init_logging() {
+    let log_path = {
+        let appdata = std::env::var("APPDATA").unwrap_or_else(|_| ".".into());
+        let dir = std::path::PathBuf::from(appdata).join("winiterm");
+        let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir);
+        dir.join("winiterm.log")
+    };
+
+    let mut builder = env_logger::Builder::new();
+    // Default level: info.  Honour RUST_LOG if set.
+    builder.filter_level(log::LevelFilter::Info);
+    if let Ok(spec) = std::env::var("RUST_LOG") {
+        builder.parse_filters(&spec);
+    }
+
+    match std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+        .create(true)
+        .truncate(true)
+        .write(true)
+        .open(&log_path)
+    {
+        Ok(file) => {
+            builder.target(env_logger::Target::Pipe(Box::new(file)));
+        }
+        Err(_) => {
+            builder.target(env_logger::Target::Stderr);
+        }
+    }
+
+    builder.init();
+    log::info!("winiterm {} starting", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"));
+    log::info!("log: {}", log_path.display());
+}

winiterm/src/pane.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+//! A single terminal pane: owns a `Terminal`, `Parser`, and `Pty`.
+//!
+//! `TerminalPane` is the unit of state for one shell session.  Multiple panes
+//! can be laid out in a split tree inside a `Workspace` (Phase 4).
+
+use crate::pty::{Pty, PtyError};
+use crate::terminal::Terminal;
+use crate::vt_parser::Parser;
+
+// ─── TerminalPane ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub struct TerminalPane {
+    pub id: usize,
+    pub terminal: Terminal,
+    pub parser: Parser,
+    pub pty: Option<Pty>,
+    /// Window title set by the shell (OSC 0/2).
+    pub title: String,
+    /// How many lines the user has scrolled back into the scrollback buffer.
+    /// 0 = at the live bottom of output.
+    pub scroll_offset: usize,
+}
+
+impl TerminalPane {
+    /// Spawn a new pane with a child shell process.
+    pub fn spawn(
+        id: usize,
+        shell: Option<&str>,
+        cols: u16,
+        rows: u16,
+        scrollback: usize,
+    ) -> Result<Self, PtyError> {
+        let pty = Pty::spawn(shell, cols, rows)?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            id,
+            terminal: Terminal::new(cols as usize, rows as usize, scrollback),
+            parser: Parser::new(),
+            pty: Some(pty),
+            title: "shell".to_string(),
+            scroll_offset: 0,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Drain the PTY output channel and feed bytes through the VT parser.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `true` if any data was processed (i.e. a redraw is needed).
+    pub fn process_output(&mut self) -> bool {
+        // Collect all pending chunks without holding &self.pty across the
+        // mutable borrow of self.parser / self.terminal.
+        let chunks: Vec<Vec<u8>> = self
+            .pty
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|p| p.data_receiver.as_ref())
+            .map(|rx| {
+                let mut v = Vec::new();
+                while let Ok(data) = rx.try_recv() {
+                    v.push(data);
+                }
+                v
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let dirty = !chunks.is_empty();
+        for chunk in chunks {
+            self.parser.parse(&chunk, &mut self.terminal);
+        }
+
+        // Flush any VT response bytes queued by the terminal (DSR, DA1, etc.).
+        let responses: Vec<Vec<u8>> = self.terminal.pending_responses.drain(..).collect();
+        for r in responses {
+            self.write(&r);
+        }
+
+        // Sync the title from the terminal model (set by OSC 0/2).
+        if !self.terminal.title.is_empty() && self.terminal.title != self.title {
+            self.title.clone_from(&self.terminal.title);
+        }
+
+        dirty
+    }
+
+    /// Write raw bytes to the shell's stdin.
+    pub fn write(&self, data: &[u8]) {
+        if let Some(pty) = &self.pty {
+            let _ = pty.write(data);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Resize the terminal grid and the pseudo console.
+    pub fn resize(&mut self, cols: u16, rows: u16) {
+        self.terminal.resize(cols as usize, rows as usize);
+        if let Some(pty) = &self.pty {
+            let _ = pty.resize(cols, rows);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the child process has exited.
+    pub fn is_dead(&self) -> bool {
+        let dead = self.pty.as_ref().map_or(true, |p| p.child_exited());
+        if dead {
+            log::info!(
+                "pane {} is_dead=true (pty_present={})",
+                self.id,
+                self.pty.is_some()
+            );
+        }
+        dead
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/pty/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//! PTY (Pseudo Terminal) abstraction.
+//!
+//! On Windows we use the ConPTY API introduced in Windows 10 1809
+//! (`CreatePseudoConsole` / `ResizePseudoConsole` / `ClosePseudoConsole`).
+
+mod windows;
+pub use windows::Pty;
+
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum PtyError {
+    #[error("Windows API error: {0}")]
+    Windows(#[from] ::windows::core::Error),
+
+    #[error("Failed to create pseudo console: {0}")]
+    CreateConsole(String),
+
+    #[error("Failed to spawn shell process: {0}")]
+    SpawnProcess(String),
+
+    #[error("Failed to resize PTY: {0}")]
+    Resize(String),
+
+    #[error("I/O error: {0}")]
+    Io(String),
+}

winiterm/src/pty/windows.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+//! ConPTY-based PTY for Windows.
+//!
+//! Architecture:
+//!   - `Pty::spawn` creates two anonymous pipes, a pseudo console, and a child process.
+//!   - A dedicated OS thread reads from the child's stdout pipe and sends chunks via
+//!     an `mpsc` channel so the caller can process output asynchronously.
+//!   - Writing to the child's stdin uses the standard `std::io::Write` trait to avoid
+//!     dependency on windows-rs ReadFile/WriteFile (which moved between crate versions).
+
+// `spawn_inner` is a large unsafe function full of Win32 API calls; the body
+// is intentionally entirely unsafe, so we suppress the Rust 2024 lint that
+// requires explicit `unsafe {}` blocks inside `unsafe fn`.
+#![allow(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
+use super::PtyError;
+use std::io::{Read, Write};
+use std::os::windows::io::FromRawHandle;
+use std::sync::mpsc::{channel, Receiver, Sender};
+use std::thread;
+
+use windows::core::PWSTR;
+use windows::Win32::Foundation::{CloseHandle, BOOL, HANDLE, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE};
+use windows::Win32::Security::SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES;
+use windows::Win32::System::Console::{
+    ClosePseudoConsole, CreatePseudoConsole, ResizePseudoConsole, COORD, HPCON,
+};
+use windows::Win32::System::Pipes::CreatePipe;
+use windows::Win32::System::Threading::{
+    CreateProcessW, DeleteProcThreadAttributeList, GetExitCodeProcess,
+    InitializeProcThreadAttributeList, TerminateProcess, UpdateProcThreadAttribute,
+    EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT, LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, PROCESS_CREATION_FLAGS,
+    PROCESS_INFORMATION, STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, STARTUPINFOEXW, STARTUPINFOW,
+};
+
+/// `UpdateProcThreadAttribute` attribute identifier for pseudo consoles.
+///
+/// Computed as `ProcThreadAttributeValue(22, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE)`:
+/// `(22 & 0xFFFF) | (1 << 17)` = `0x00020016`.
+const PROC_THREAD_ATTR_PSEUDOCONSOLE: usize = 0x0002_0016;
+
+/// Win32 STILL_ACTIVE process exit code (259 = 0x103).
+const STILL_ACTIVE: u32 = 259;
+
+// ─── Handle wrappers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Wraps a Win32 `HANDLE` so it can be sent across threads.
+///
+/// # Safety
+/// The caller must guarantee the handle is not used from more than one thread
+/// concurrently without external synchronisation.
+struct SendHandle(HANDLE);
+unsafe impl Send for SendHandle {}
+unsafe impl Sync for SendHandle {}
+
+impl SendHandle {
+    #[inline]
+    fn get(&self) -> HANDLE {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// RAII wrapper that calls `ClosePseudoConsole` on drop.
+struct PseudoConsole(HPCON);
+unsafe impl Send for PseudoConsole {}
+
+impl Drop for PseudoConsole {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            ClosePseudoConsole(self.0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Public API ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A pseudo terminal backed by the Windows ConPTY API.
+pub struct Pty {
+    /// Pseudo console handle (closed on drop via `PseudoConsole`).
+    hpc: PseudoConsole,
+    /// Write end of the stdin pipe — send data here to reach the child's stdin.
+    stdin_write: SendHandle,
+    /// Child process handle.
+    process_handle: SendHandle,
+    /// Process ID of the spawned shell.
+    pub process_id: u32,
+    /// Receives output chunks produced by the child process.
+    /// Populated by the background reader thread.
+    pub data_receiver: Option<Receiver<Vec<u8>>>,
+}
+
+impl Pty {
+    /// Spawn a shell inside a new pseudo console of `cols × rows` cells.
+    ///
+    /// `shell` — path to the shell executable.  
+    /// Pass `None` to auto-detect: `pwsh` → `powershell` → `cmd`.
+    pub fn spawn(shell: Option<&str>, cols: u16, rows: u16) -> Result<Self, PtyError> {
+        // SAFETY: All ConPTY invariants are upheld below.
+        unsafe { Self::spawn_inner(shell, cols, rows) }
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn spawn_inner(shell: Option<&str>, cols: u16, rows: u16) -> Result<Self, PtyError> {
+        // ── Pipe pair for stdin (terminal writes → child reads) ──────────────
+        let mut stdin_read = HANDLE::default();
+        let mut stdin_write = HANDLE::default();
+        CreatePipe(
+            &mut stdin_read,
+            &mut stdin_write,
+            None::<*const SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>,
+            0,
+        )
+        .map_err(PtyError::Windows)?;
+
+        // ── Pipe pair for stdout (child writes → terminal reads) ─────────────
+        let mut stdout_read = HANDLE::default();
+        let mut stdout_write = HANDLE::default();
+        if let Err(e) = CreatePipe(
+            &mut stdout_read,
+            &mut stdout_write,
+            None::<*const SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>,
+            0,
+        ) {
+            let _ = CloseHandle(stdin_read);
+            let _ = CloseHandle(stdin_write);
+            return Err(PtyError::Windows(e));
+        }
+
+        // ── Create the pseudo console ────────────────────────────────────────
+        // windows-rs 0.58: CreatePseudoConsole(size, hinput, houtput, dwFlags) -> Result<HPCON>
+        let size = COORD {
+            X: cols as i16,
+            Y: rows as i16,
+        };
+        let hpc = match CreatePseudoConsole(size, stdin_read, stdout_write, 0) {
+            Ok(h) => h,
+            Err(e) => {
+                let _ = CloseHandle(stdin_read);
+                let _ = CloseHandle(stdin_write);
+                let _ = CloseHandle(stdout_read);
+                let _ = CloseHandle(stdout_write);
+                return Err(PtyError::CreateConsole(e.to_string()));
+            }
+        };
+
+        // The pseudo console now owns stdin_read and stdout_write.
+        let _ = CloseHandle(stdin_read);
+        let _ = CloseHandle(stdout_write);
+
+        // ── Build STARTUPINFOEXW with the pseudo console attribute ────────────
+        let mut attr_list_size = 0usize;
+        // First call: get required buffer size (expectedly "fails").
+        let _ = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList(
+            LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST::default(),
+            1,
+            0,
+            &mut attr_list_size,
+        );
+
+        let mut attr_buf = vec![0u8; attr_list_size];
+        let attr_list = LPPROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST(attr_buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut _);
+
+        InitializeProcThreadAttributeList(attr_list, 1, 0, &mut attr_list_size).map_err(|e| {
+            PtyError::SpawnProcess(format!("InitializeProcThreadAttributeList: {e}"))
+        })?;
+
+        // Attach pseudo console to the attribute list.
+        //
+        // For PROC_THREAD_ATTR_PSEUDOCONSOLE the Windows kernel uses lpValue
+        // as the HPCON handle VALUE directly (it does not dereference it).
+        // Pass hpc.0 (the raw ConHost handle) — NOT &hpc (address of our
+        // local variable).  Passing the wrong value here is what causes
+        // STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED (0xC0000142) in the child: the child's
+        // kernel32 console init receives a bogus "stack address" as the HPCON,
+        // fails to connect to ConHost, and DllMain returns FALSE.
+        // Reference: every ConPTY C++ sample (including Microsoft's own) and
+        // Rust implementations (alacritty, wezterm) pass the handle value.
+        UpdateProcThreadAttribute(
+            attr_list,
+            0,
+            PROC_THREAD_ATTR_PSEUDOCONSOLE,
+            Some(hpc.0 as *const std::ffi::c_void),
+            std::mem::size_of::<HPCON>(),
+            None,
+            None,
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| PtyError::SpawnProcess(format!("UpdateProcThreadAttribute: {e}")))?;
+
+        let mut si_ex: STARTUPINFOEXW = std::mem::zeroed();
+        si_ex.StartupInfo.cb = std::mem::size_of::<STARTUPINFOEXW>() as u32;
+        si_ex.lpAttributeList = attr_list;
+
+        // Explicitly tell Windows NOT to inherit the parent's standard handles.
+        // Without this, the child's DLL init connects to the parent's console
+        // handles at the same time the ConPTY's conhost.exe is connecting, which
+        // causes STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED (0xC0000142).  The ConPTY attribute
+        // (PROC_THREAD_ATTR_PSEUDOCONSOLE) handles all console I/O independently.
+        si_ex.StartupInfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
+        si_ex.StartupInfo.hStdInput = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+        si_ex.StartupInfo.hStdOutput = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+        si_ex.StartupInfo.hStdError = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+
+        // ── Resolve shell command line ────────────────────────────────────────
+        let shell_path = match shell {
+            Some(s) => {
+                log::info!("shell: using config override {:?}", s);
+                s.to_string()
+            }
+            None => detect_shell().unwrap_or_else(|| "cmd.exe".to_string()),
+        };
+
+        let mut command_line: Vec<u16> = shell_path
+            .encode_utf16()
+            .chain(std::iter::once(0u16))
+            .collect();
+
+        // ── Spawn the shell process ───────────────────────────────────────────
+        let mut pi: PROCESS_INFORMATION = std::mem::zeroed();
+        let creation_flags = PROCESS_CREATION_FLAGS(EXTENDED_STARTUPINFO_PRESENT.0);
+
+        log::info!("spawning shell: {:?} cols={cols} rows={rows}", shell_path);
+
+        if let Err(e) = CreateProcessW(
+            None,
+            PWSTR(command_line.as_mut_ptr()),
+            None::<*const SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>,
+            None::<*const SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>,
+            BOOL(0),
+            creation_flags,
+            None,
+            None,
+            &si_ex.StartupInfo as *const STARTUPINFOW,
+            &mut pi,
+        ) {
+            DeleteProcThreadAttributeList(attr_list);
+            let _ = CloseHandle(stdin_write);
+            let _ = CloseHandle(stdout_read);
+            return Err(PtyError::SpawnProcess(format!("CreateProcessW: {e}")));
+        }
+
+        DeleteProcThreadAttributeList(attr_list);
+        // We don't need the thread handle.
+        let _ = CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
+
+        let process_id = pi.dwProcessId;
+        let process_handle = pi.hProcess;
+
+        // ── Start background reader thread ────────────────────────────────────
+        let (tx, rx) = channel::<Vec<u8>>();
+        let stdout_send = SendHandle(stdout_read);
+
+        thread::Builder::new()
+            .name("winiterm-pty-reader".to_string())
+            .spawn(move || {
+                // Transfer ownership of stdout_read into this thread.
+                // std::fs::File takes ownership and closes the handle on drop.
+                let mut file = std::fs::File::from_raw_handle(stdout_send.get().0 as _);
+                pty_read_loop(&mut file, tx);
+                // file dropped here → handle closed
+            })
+            .map_err(|e| PtyError::Io(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            hpc: PseudoConsole(hpc),
+            stdin_write: SendHandle(stdin_write),
+            process_handle: SendHandle(process_handle),
+            process_id,
+            data_receiver: Some(rx),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Write `data` to the child process's stdin.
+    ///
+    /// Uses `std::io::Write` on a non-owning `File` view of the handle,
+    /// then calls `forget` to prevent the `File` from closing it.
+    pub fn write(&self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), PtyError> {
+        if data.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        // SAFETY: stdin_write is a valid writable handle for the lifetime of Pty.
+        // We use forget() to prevent File::drop from closing it.
+        let mut file = unsafe { std::fs::File::from_raw_handle(self.stdin_write.get().0 as _) };
+        let result = file
+            .write_all(data)
+            .map_err(|e| PtyError::Io(e.to_string()));
+        std::mem::forget(file);
+        result
+    }
+
+    /// Resize the pseudo console to `cols × rows` cells.
+    pub fn resize(&self, cols: u16, rows: u16) -> Result<(), PtyError> {
+        unsafe {
+            ResizePseudoConsole(
+                self.hpc.0,
+                COORD {
+                    X: cols as i16,
+                    Y: rows as i16,
+                },
+            )
+            .map_err(|e| PtyError::Resize(e.to_string()))?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the child process has exited.
+    pub fn child_exited(&self) -> bool {
+        let mut exit_code = 0u32;
+        unsafe {
+            match GetExitCodeProcess(self.process_handle.get(), &mut exit_code) {
+                Ok(()) => {
+                    if exit_code != STILL_ACTIVE {
+                        log::info!("child_exited: exit_code={exit_code}");
+                        true
+                    } else {
+                        false
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    log::info!("child_exited: GetExitCodeProcess error: {e}");
+                    true
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Take the data receiver out of this `Pty`.
+    pub fn take_receiver(&mut self) -> Option<Receiver<Vec<u8>>> {
+        self.data_receiver.take()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Pty {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe {
+            let _ = TerminateProcess(self.process_handle.get(), 0);
+            let _ = CloseHandle(self.stdin_write.get());
+            let _ = CloseHandle(self.process_handle.get());
+            // hpc is closed by PseudoConsole::drop.
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Internal helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Blocking read loop — runs on the dedicated PTY reader thread.
+fn pty_read_loop(file: &mut std::fs::File, sender: Sender<Vec<u8>>) {
+    let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8192];
+    loop {
+        match file.read(&mut buf) {
+            Ok(0) | Err(_) => break,
+            Ok(n) => {
+                if sender.send(buf[..n].to_vec()).is_err() {
+                    break; // Receiver was dropped — stop reading.
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Auto-detect the preferred shell.
+///
+/// `cmd.exe` is always preferred: it is a plain Win32 binary with no complex
+/// DLL initialisation.  `pwsh.exe` and `powershell.exe` load the .NET / CLR
+/// runtime during DLL init, which can fail with `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED`
+/// (0xC0000142) inside a ConPTY.  Users who prefer PowerShell can set
+/// `shell = "pwsh.exe"` (or the full path) in their `config.lua`.
+///
+/// We look for `cmd.exe` via its guaranteed path (`%SystemRoot%\System32\`)
+/// rather than `where.exe` so that the check succeeds even in minimal PATH
+/// environments and even after `FreeConsole()` detaches the parent console.
+fn detect_shell() -> Option<String> {
+    // Primary: guaranteed path for cmd.exe.
+    if let Ok(root) = std::env::var("SystemRoot") {
+        let path = format!(r"{root}\System32\cmd.exe");
+        if std::path::Path::new(&path).exists() {
+            log::info!("detect_shell: using {}", path);
+            return Some(path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Fallback: PATH-based search for Win32 shells only (no pwsh / .NET).
+    for candidate in &["cmd.exe", "powershell.exe"] {
+        if std::process::Command::new("where")
+            .arg(candidate)
+            .output()
+            .map(|o| o.status.success())
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+        {
+            log::info!("detect_shell: found {} via PATH", candidate);
+            return Some(candidate.to_string());
+        }
+    }
+
+    log::warn!("detect_shell: all candidates failed, defaulting to cmd.exe");
+    Some("cmd.exe".to_string())
+}

winiterm/src/renderer/glyph.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+//! Glyph atlas: font discovery, rasterisation, and UV lookup.
+//!
+//! Uses [`fontdb`] to locate the best available monospace font and [`swash`]
+//! to rasterise glyphs into a single R8-greyscale texture atlas.
+//!
+//! Layout: the atlas is a uniform grid of `cell_width × cell_height` slots.
+//! Each slot holds exactly one character; unused slots are zeroed.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+// ─── Atlas ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Greyscale (R8) glyph texture atlas for a monospace font.
+pub struct GlyphAtlas {
+    /// Raw R8 pixel data (one byte per pixel).
+    pub data: Vec<u8>,
+    /// Atlas dimensions in pixels.
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    /// Dimensions of each cell slot.
+    pub cell_width: u32,
+    pub cell_height: u32,
+    /// Distance from the top of a cell to the text baseline (pixels).
+    pub baseline: u32,
+    /// Number of cell slots per atlas row.
+    cols_per_row: u32,
+    /// Char → (slot_column, slot_row).
+    entries: HashMap<char, (u32, u32)>,
+    /// Index of the next free slot (for future on-demand rasterisation).
+    next_slot: u32,
+}
+
+impl GlyphAtlas {
+    const ATLAS_W: u32 = 1024;
+    const ATLAS_H: u32 = 1024;
+
+    /// Build an atlas at `font_size` physical pixels using the best available
+    /// monospace system font.
+    pub fn build(font_size: f32) -> Self {
+        let mut db = fontdb::Database::new();
+        db.load_system_fonts();
+
+        let query = fontdb::Query {
+            families: &[
+                fontdb::Family::Name("Cascadia Code"),
+                fontdb::Family::Name("Cascadia Mono"),
+                fontdb::Family::Name("Consolas"),
+                fontdb::Family::Name("Courier New"),
+                fontdb::Family::Monospace,
+            ],
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+
+        let id = db
+            .query(&query)
+            .expect("no monospace font found on this system");
+        db.with_face_data(id, |data, face_index| {
+            Self::build_from_data(data, face_index as usize, font_size)
+        })
+        .expect("font face data unavailable")
+    }
+
+    fn build_from_data(font_data: &[u8], face_index: usize, font_size: f32) -> Self {
+        use swash::scale::{Render, ScaleContext, Source};
+        use swash::zeno::Format;
+
+        let font =
+            swash::FontRef::from_index(font_data, face_index).expect("invalid font face index");
+
+        // ── Metrics ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+        let metrics = font.metrics(&[]).scale(font_size);
+        let cell_width = metrics.average_width.ceil().max(1.0) as u32;
+        let ascent = metrics.ascent.ceil() as u32;
+        // `descent` is typically negative; take the magnitude.
+        let descent = metrics.descent.abs().ceil() as u32;
+        let cell_height = ascent + descent;
+        let baseline = ascent;
+
+        let cols_per_row = Self::ATLAS_W / cell_width;
+        let mut data = vec![0u8; (Self::ATLAS_W * Self::ATLAS_H) as usize];
+        let mut entries = HashMap::new();
+        let mut next_slot = 0u32;
+
+        // ── Unicode ranges to pre-rasterise ──────────────────────────────────
+        //
+        // These ranges cover everything a modern terminal is likely to render:
+        //   • Basic Latin (printable ASCII)
+        //   • Latin-1 Supplement + Extended-A (accented European characters)
+        //   • Box Drawing, Block Elements, Geometric Shapes (TUI apps: htop,
+        //     vim, tmux, ncurses borders)
+        //   • Powerline Symbols (oh-my-zsh, starship, powerline prompts)
+        const RASTERIZE_RANGES: &[(u32, u32)] = &[
+            (0x0020, 0x007E), // Basic Latin (printable ASCII)
+            (0x00A0, 0x00FF), // Latin-1 Supplement
+            (0x0100, 0x017F), // Latin Extended-A
+            (0x2500, 0x257F), // Box Drawing
+            (0x2580, 0x259F), // Block Elements
+            (0x25A0, 0x25FF), // Geometric Shapes
+            (0xE0A0, 0xE0D4), // Powerline Symbols
+        ];
+
+        let charmap = font.charmap();
+        let mut ctx = ScaleContext::new();
+        let mut scaler = ctx.builder(font).size(font_size).hint(true).build();
+
+        for &(range_start, range_end) in RASTERIZE_RANGES {
+            for codepoint in range_start..=range_end {
+                let ch = match char::from_u32(codepoint) {
+                    Some(c) => c,
+                    None => continue,
+                };
+                let glyph_id = charmap.map(ch);
+
+                let slot_col = next_slot % cols_per_row;
+                let slot_row = next_slot / cols_per_row;
+                entries.insert(ch, (slot_col, slot_row));
+                next_slot += 1;
+
+                // Abort if we've run out of atlas space (should never happen
+                // with the current ranges at any reasonable font size).
+                if (slot_row + 1) * cell_height > Self::ATLAS_H {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                let image = Render::new(&[Source::Outline])
+                    .format(Format::Alpha)
+                    .render(&mut scaler, glyph_id);
+
+                if let Some(img) = image {
+                    let p = &img.placement;
+                    // Pixel position of the glyph image's top-left corner within
+                    // the atlas (accounts for left-bearing and baseline offset).
+                    let origin_x = (slot_col * cell_width) as i32 + p.left;
+                    let origin_y = (slot_row * cell_height) as i32 + (baseline as i32 - p.top);
+
+                    for gy in 0..p.height as i32 {
+                        for gx in 0..p.width as i32 {
+                            let ax = origin_x + gx;
+                            let ay = origin_y + gy;
+                            if ax >= 0
+                                && ay >= 0
+                                && (ax as u32) < Self::ATLAS_W
+                                && (ay as u32) < Self::ATLAS_H
+                            {
+                                let src = (gy * p.width as i32 + gx) as usize;
+                                let dst = (ay as u32 * Self::ATLAS_W + ax as u32) as usize;
+                                if src < img.data.len() {
+                                    data[dst] = img.data[src];
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Self {
+            data,
+            width: Self::ATLAS_W,
+            height: Self::ATLAS_H,
+            cell_width,
+            cell_height,
+            baseline,
+            cols_per_row,
+            entries,
+            next_slot,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Return `(u_min, v_min, u_size, v_size)` for `ch` in normalised UV space.
+    ///
+    /// Falls back to the space character for any unmapped codepoint.
+    pub fn glyph_uv(&self, ch: char) -> (f32, f32, f32, f32) {
+        let (col, row) = self
+            .entries
+            .get(&ch)
+            .or_else(|| self.entries.get(&' '))
+            .copied()
+            .unwrap_or((0, 0));
+
+        let u = (col * self.cell_width) as f32 / self.width as f32;
+        let v = (row * self.cell_height) as f32 / self.height as f32;
+        let uw = self.cell_width as f32 / self.width as f32;
+        let vh = self.cell_height as f32 / self.height as f32;
+        (u, v, uw, vh)
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/renderer/shader.wgsl

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// ─── Uniforms ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Screen size in physical pixels. Padded to 16 bytes for uniform alignment.
+
+struct Uniforms {
+    screen_size: vec2<f32>,
+    _pad: vec2<f32>,
+}
+
+@group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> uniforms: Uniforms;
+@group(0) @binding(1) var atlas_tex: texture_2d<f32>;
+@group(0) @binding(2) var atlas_smp: sampler;
+
+// ─── Vertex stage ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Buffer 0 (step: Vertex):  quad corners in unit space [(0,0)..(1,1)]
+// Buffer 1 (step: Instance): per-cell data
+
+struct VertexInput {
+    @location(0) pos: vec2<f32>,
+}
+
+struct InstanceInput {
+    @location(1) cell_pos:  vec2<f32>,  // top-left pixel coord of the cell
+    @location(2) cell_size: vec2<f32>,  // cell width × height in pixels
+    @location(3) uv_offset: vec2<f32>,  // atlas UV top-left (0..1)
+    @location(4) uv_size:   vec2<f32>,  // atlas UV width × height (0..1)
+    @location(5) fg_color:  vec4<f32>,  // foreground RGBA (sRGB linear)
+    @location(6) bg_color:  vec4<f32>,  // background RGBA (sRGB linear)
+    @location(7) attrs:     u32,        // CellAttrs bits (underline, strikethrough, …)
+}
+
+struct VertexOutput {
+    @builtin(position) clip_pos: vec4<f32>,
+    @location(0) uv:             vec2<f32>,   // atlas texture UV
+    @location(1) fg_color:       vec4<f32>,
+    @location(2) bg_color:       vec4<f32>,
+    @location(3) cell_uv:        vec2<f32>,   // unit quad position (0..1 within cell)
+    @location(4) @interpolate(flat) attrs: u32, // cell attribute bits (flat — no interpolation)
+}
+
+@vertex
+fn vs_main(vert: VertexInput, inst: InstanceInput) -> VertexOutput {
+    var out: VertexOutput;
+
+    // Transform unit quad → cell in pixel-space, then → NDC.
+    let px = inst.cell_pos + vert.pos * inst.cell_size;
+    let clip_x =  (px.x / uniforms.screen_size.x) * 2.0 - 1.0;
+    let clip_y = -(px.y / uniforms.screen_size.y) * 2.0 + 1.0;
+    out.clip_pos = vec4<f32>(clip_x, clip_y, 0.0, 1.0);
+
+    out.uv       = inst.uv_offset + vert.pos * inst.uv_size;
+    out.fg_color = inst.fg_color;
+    out.bg_color = inst.bg_color;
+    out.cell_uv  = vert.pos;   // (0,0) = top-left, (1,1) = bottom-right of cell
+    out.attrs    = inst.attrs;
+    return out;
+}
+
+// ─── Fragment stage ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// The atlas is R8Unorm grayscale coverage.
+// alpha = 0 → pure background, alpha = 1 → pure foreground.
+//
+// CellAttrs bit masks (must match Rust CellAttrs bitflags):
+//   UNDERLINE     = 1u << 3u  =   8u
+//   UNDERLINE2    = 1u << 4u  =  16u  (double underline)
+//   STRIKETHROUGH = 1u << 8u  = 256u
+
+@fragment
+fn fs_main(in: VertexOutput) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+    let coverage = textureSample(atlas_tex, atlas_smp, in.uv).r;
+    var color = mix(in.bg_color, in.fg_color, coverage);
+
+    let y = in.cell_uv.y;
+
+    // Underline: solid bar at bottom ~14% of cell.
+    if (in.attrs & 8u) != 0u && y > 0.84 {
+        color = in.fg_color;
+    }
+    // Double underline: two thin bars near the bottom.
+    if (in.attrs & 16u) != 0u && ((y > 0.74 && y < 0.80) || (y > 0.88 && y < 0.94)) {
+        color = in.fg_color;
+    }
+    // Strikethrough: horizontal bar at ~50% cell height.
+    if (in.attrs & 256u) != 0u && y > 0.44 && y < 0.54 {
+        color = in.fg_color;
+    }
+
+    return color;
+}
+
+// ─── Kitty Graphics Protocol fragment stage ───────────────────────────────────
+//
+// For Kitty images the texture is Rgba8Unorm; output all four channels directly.
+
+@fragment
+fn fs_kitty_main(in: VertexOutput) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+    return textureSample(atlas_tex, atlas_smp, in.uv);
+}

winiterm/src/split.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+//! Pane split-tree and pixel-layout (Phase 4).
+//!
+//! A `SplitNode` is either a `Leaf` (one pane ID) or a `Split` that divides
+//! its allocated `Rect` between two child nodes.  Calling `layout()` on the
+//! root node with the full window rect produces a `HashMap<pane_id, Rect>`.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+// ─── Direction ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SplitDir {
+    /// Divide horizontally: left pane | right pane.
+    Horizontal,
+    /// Divide vertically: top pane / bottom pane.
+    Vertical,
+}
+
+// ─── Pixel rectangle ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// An axis-aligned rectangle in physical pixel coordinates.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Rect {
+    pub x: f32,
+    pub y: f32,
+    pub w: f32,
+    pub h: f32,
+}
+
+impl Rect {
+    pub fn new(x: f32, y: f32, w: f32, h: f32) -> Self {
+        Self { x, y, w, h }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn cell_cols(&self, cell_w: f32) -> u16 {
+        (self.w / cell_w).floor().max(2.0) as u16
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn cell_rows(&self, cell_h: f32) -> u16 {
+        (self.h / cell_h).floor().max(2.0) as u16
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Split node ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub enum SplitNode {
+    Leaf(usize), // pane_id
+    Split {
+        dir: SplitDir,
+        /// Fraction [0,1] allocated to `first`.
+        ratio: f32,
+        first: Box<SplitNode>,
+        second: Box<SplitNode>,
+    },
+}
+
+impl SplitNode {
+    // ── Layout ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Recursively assign a pixel `Rect` to every leaf pane.
+    pub fn layout(&self, rect: Rect, out: &mut HashMap<usize, Rect>) {
+        match self {
+            SplitNode::Leaf(id) => {
+                out.insert(*id, rect);
+            }
+            SplitNode::Split {
+                dir,
+                ratio,
+                first,
+                second,
+            } => {
+                let (r1, r2) = split_rect(rect, *dir, *ratio);
+                first.layout(r1, out);
+                second.layout(r2, out);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Queries ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// All pane IDs in tree order (depth-first).
+    pub fn all_panes(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
+        match self {
+            SplitNode::Leaf(id) => vec![*id],
+            SplitNode::Split { first, second, .. } => {
+                let mut v = first.all_panes();
+                v.extend(second.all_panes());
+                v
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The first leaf ID in tree order.
+    pub fn first_pane(&self) -> usize {
+        match self {
+            SplitNode::Leaf(id) => *id,
+            SplitNode::Split { first, .. } => first.first_pane(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Mutations ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Insert a new split at the `target_id` leaf, placing the new pane as
+    /// the second child.  Returns `true` if `target_id` was found.
+    pub fn split_at(&mut self, target_id: usize, dir: SplitDir, new_id: usize) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            SplitNode::Leaf(id) if *id == target_id => {
+                let old = SplitNode::Leaf(target_id);
+                *self = SplitNode::Split {
+                    dir,
+                    ratio: 0.5,
+                    first: Box::new(old),
+                    second: Box::new(SplitNode::Leaf(new_id)),
+                };
+                true
+            }
+            SplitNode::Leaf(_) => false,
+            SplitNode::Split { first, second, .. } => {
+                first.split_at(target_id, dir, new_id) || second.split_at(target_id, dir, new_id)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Remove the leaf `target_id` and collapse its parent split into the
+    /// surviving sibling.  The surviving sibling is written into `*self`.
+    /// Returns `true` if removed.
+    pub fn remove(&mut self, target_id: usize) -> bool {
+        let replaced = match self {
+            SplitNode::Split { first, second, .. } => {
+                // Check if first is the target leaf.
+                if matches!(first.as_ref(), SplitNode::Leaf(id) if *id == target_id) {
+                    Some(true) // replace self with second
+                } else if matches!(second.as_ref(), SplitNode::Leaf(id) if *id == target_id) {
+                    Some(false) // replace self with first
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
+        match replaced {
+            Some(take_second) => {
+                let inner = match std::mem::replace(self, SplitNode::Leaf(0)) {
+                    SplitNode::Split { first, second, .. } => {
+                        if take_second {
+                            *second
+                        } else {
+                            *first
+                        }
+                    }
+                    other => other,
+                };
+                *self = inner;
+                true
+            }
+            None => match self {
+                SplitNode::Split { first, second, .. } => {
+                    first.remove(target_id) || second.remove(target_id)
+                }
+                _ => false,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn split_rect(rect: Rect, dir: SplitDir, ratio: f32) -> (Rect, Rect) {
+    match dir {
+        SplitDir::Horizontal => {
+            let w1 = (rect.w * ratio).floor();
+            let w2 = rect.w - w1;
+            (
+                Rect::new(rect.x, rect.y, w1, rect.h),
+                Rect::new(rect.x + w1, rect.y, w2, rect.h),
+            )
+        }
+        SplitDir::Vertical => {
+            let h1 = (rect.h * ratio).floor();
+            let h2 = rect.h - h1;
+            (
+                Rect::new(rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, h1),
+                Rect::new(rect.x, rect.y + h1, rect.w, h2),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/terminal.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,991 @@
+//! Terminal state: grid, cursor, scrollback, and all VT operations.
+//!
+//! The `Terminal` struct is the authoritative model of what is displayed.
+//! The VT parser drives it by calling public methods in response to escape
+//! sequences.  The renderer (Phase 3) reads it to produce GPU draw calls.
+
+use bitflags::bitflags;
+use std::collections::VecDeque;
+
+use crate::kitty::KittyRegistry;
+
+// ─── Color ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A terminal color: default (inherits theme), a 256-color palette index, or
+/// a 24-bit RGB value.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+pub enum Color {
+    #[default]
+    Default,
+    Indexed(u8),
+    Rgb(u8, u8, u8),
+}
+
+// ─── Cell attributes ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+bitflags! {
+    /// Text rendering attributes packed into a single `u16`.
+    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+    pub struct CellAttrs: u16 {
+        const BOLD          = 1 << 0;
+        const DIM           = 1 << 1;
+        const ITALIC        = 1 << 2;
+        const UNDERLINE     = 1 << 3;
+        const UNDERLINE2    = 1 << 4;  // double underline
+        const BLINK         = 1 << 5;
+        const REVERSE       = 1 << 6;
+        const INVISIBLE     = 1 << 7;
+        const STRIKETHROUGH = 1 << 8;
+        const WIDE          = 1 << 9;  // occupies two columns (CJK / wide emoji)
+        const WIDE_CONT     = 1 << 10; // second column of a wide character
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Cell ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A single terminal grid cell.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Cell {
+    pub ch: char,
+    pub fg: Color,
+    pub bg: Color,
+    pub attrs: CellAttrs,
+}
+
+impl Cell {
+    /// A blank cell with the given colors/attributes.
+    #[inline]
+    pub const fn new(ch: char, fg: Color, bg: Color, attrs: CellAttrs) -> Self {
+        Self { ch, fg, bg, attrs }
+    }
+
+    /// Blank cell using default colors.
+    #[inline]
+    pub const fn blank() -> Self {
+        Self::new(' ', Color::Default, Color::Default, CellAttrs::empty())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Cell {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::blank()
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Cursor ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CursorShape {
+    #[default]
+    Block,
+    Beam,
+    Underline,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct Cursor {
+    pub col: usize,
+    pub row: usize,
+    pub shape: CursorShape,
+}
+
+// ─── Terminal modes ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+bitflags! {
+    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
+    pub struct TerminalModes: u32 {
+        /// DECAWM — auto-wrap at end of line.
+        const AUTO_WRAP      = 1 << 0;
+        /// DECTCEM — cursor visible.
+        const CURSOR_VIS     = 1 << 1;
+        /// DECSET 1049 — alternate screen active.
+        const ALT_SCREEN     = 1 << 2;
+        /// XTerm mouse tracking (any mode active).
+        const MOUSE          = 1 << 3;
+        /// DECSET 2004 — bracketed paste.
+        const BRACKET_PASTE  = 1 << 4;
+        /// DECSET 1004 — focus events.
+        const FOCUS_EVENTS   = 1 << 5;
+        /// DECSET 25 / DECTCEM — separate flag mirroring CURSOR_VIS for clarity.
+        const INSERT_MODE    = 1 << 6;
+        /// DECCKM — application cursor keys (SS3 instead of CSI for arrows).
+        const DECCKM         = 1 << 7;
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── Kitty Graphics ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A placed Kitty image: the image is rendered at cell `(col, row)`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct KittyPlacement {
+    pub image_id: u32,
+    pub col: usize,
+    pub row: usize,
+    pub pixel_width: u32,
+    pub pixel_height: u32,
+}
+
+// ─── Terminal ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// The complete state of a terminal emulator instance.
+pub struct Terminal {
+    pub cols: usize,
+    pub rows: usize,
+
+    /// Active screen buffer, row-major: `screen[row * cols + col]`.
+    pub screen: Vec<Cell>,
+
+    /// Scrollback lines; oldest at index 0, newest at the back.
+    pub scrollback: VecDeque<Vec<Cell>>,
+    /// Maximum number of scrollback lines to retain.
+    pub scrollback_lines: usize,
+
+    // ── Cursor ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    pub cursor: Cursor,
+    /// DECSC / DECRC saved cursor.
+    saved_cursor: Option<Cursor>,
+    /// When `true` the cursor is logically *past* the last column and will wrap
+    /// before the next printable character is written.
+    pub pending_wrap: bool,
+
+    // ── Alternate screen ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    alt_screen: Option<Vec<Cell>>,
+    alt_cursor: Option<Cursor>,
+
+    // ── Scroll region (0-indexed, inclusive) ─────────────────────────────────
+    pub scroll_top: usize,
+    pub scroll_bottom: usize,
+
+    // ── Current SGR state applied to newly written cells ─────────────────────
+    pub current_fg: Color,
+    pub current_bg: Color,
+    pub current_attrs: CellAttrs,
+
+    // ── Miscellaneous ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    pub modes: TerminalModes,
+    pub title: String,
+    /// Hardware tab stops (one bool per column).
+    tab_stops: Vec<bool>,
+
+    // ── Mouse tracking mode ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    pub mouse_mode: u16,
+
+    // ── Pending VT responses (DSR, DA1) ──────────────────────────────────────
+    /// Bytes queued to be written back to the PTY (device status responses, etc.)
+    pub pending_responses: Vec<Vec<u8>>,
+
+    // ── Kitty Graphics Protocol ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+    /// Received and assembled Kitty images, keyed by image ID.
+    pub kitty: KittyRegistry,
+    /// Images that have been placed on screen (from `a=T` or `a=p` actions).
+    pub kitty_placements: Vec<KittyPlacement>,
+    /// Image IDs that were deleted by `a=d` since the last renderer frame.
+    /// The renderer drains this list each frame to evict GPU textures.
+    pub kitty_deleted_ids: Vec<u32>,
+}
+
+impl Terminal {
+    /// Create a new terminal with the given dimensions and scrollback capacity.
+    pub fn new(cols: usize, rows: usize, scrollback_lines: usize) -> Self {
+        let cell_count = cols * rows;
+        let mut tab_stops = vec![false; cols];
+        // Default tab stop every 8 columns.
+        for i in (0..cols).step_by(8) {
+            tab_stops[i] = true;
+        }
+
+        let mut modes = TerminalModes::empty();
+        modes.insert(TerminalModes::AUTO_WRAP);
+        modes.insert(TerminalModes::CURSOR_VIS);
+
+        Self {
+            cols,
+            rows,
+            screen: vec![Cell::blank(); cell_count],
+            scrollback: VecDeque::new(),
+            scrollback_lines,
+            cursor: Cursor::default(),
+            saved_cursor: None,
+            pending_wrap: false,
+            alt_screen: None,
+            alt_cursor: None,
+            scroll_top: 0,
+            scroll_bottom: rows.saturating_sub(1),
+            current_fg: Color::Default,
+            current_bg: Color::Default,
+            current_attrs: CellAttrs::empty(),
+            modes,
+            title: String::new(),
+            tab_stops,
+            mouse_mode: 0,
+            pending_responses: Vec::new(),
+            kitty: KittyRegistry::new(),
+            kitty_placements: Vec::new(),
+            kitty_deleted_ids: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Resize ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Resize the terminal to `cols × rows`, preserving as much content as possible.
+    pub fn resize(&mut self, cols: usize, rows: usize) {
+        if cols == self.cols && rows == self.rows {
+            return;
+        }
+        let mut new_screen = vec![Cell::blank(); cols * rows];
+        let copy_cols = self.cols.min(cols);
+        let copy_rows = self.rows.min(rows);
+        for r in 0..copy_rows {
+            for c in 0..copy_cols {
+                new_screen[r * cols + c] = self.screen[r * self.cols + c];
+            }
+        }
+        self.screen = new_screen;
+        self.cols = cols;
+        self.rows = rows;
+        self.scroll_top = 0;
+        self.scroll_bottom = rows.saturating_sub(1);
+        self.tab_stops.resize(cols, false);
+        for i in (0..cols).step_by(8) {
+            if !self.tab_stops[i] {
+                self.tab_stops[i] = true;
+            }
+        }
+        // Clamp cursor.
+        self.cursor.col = self.cursor.col.min(cols.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.cursor.row = self.cursor.row.min(rows.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    // ─── Cell accessors ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn cell(&self, col: usize, row: usize) -> &Cell {
+        &self.screen[row * self.cols + col]
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn cell_mut(&mut self, col: usize, row: usize) -> &mut Cell {
+        &mut self.screen[row * self.cols + col]
+    }
+
+    // ─── Write a character ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Place `ch` at the cursor position and advance.
+    ///
+    /// Wide characters (CJK, wide emoji — display width 2) occupy two columns:
+    /// the character is placed in the first column with `WIDE` set, and a blank
+    /// placeholder with `WIDE_CONT` is written to the second column.
+    ///
+    /// Zero-width / combining characters are placed on the current column
+    /// without advancing the cursor.
+    pub fn write_char(&mut self, ch: char) {
+        use unicode_width::UnicodeWidthChar;
+
+        // Resolve pending wrap before writing.
+        if self.pending_wrap {
+            self.pending_wrap = false;
+            self.do_linefeed();
+            self.cursor.col = 0;
+        }
+
+        let width = ch.width().unwrap_or(1);
+
+        if width == 0 {
+            // Combining / zero-width: overlay on the current (or previous) cell.
+            let col = self.cursor.col.min(self.cols.saturating_sub(1));
+            let row = self.cursor.row.min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+            self.cell_mut(col, row).ch = ch;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let col = self.cursor.col.min(self.cols.saturating_sub(1));
+        let row = self.cursor.row.min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+
+        if width == 2 && col + 1 < self.cols {
+            // Wide character: write char in first column, blank continuation in second.
+            let mut attrs = self.current_attrs;
+            attrs.insert(CellAttrs::WIDE);
+            *self.cell_mut(col, row) = Cell {
+                ch,
+                fg: self.current_fg,
+                bg: self.current_bg,
+                attrs,
+            };
+            let mut cont_attrs = self.current_attrs;
+            cont_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::WIDE_CONT);
+            *self.cell_mut(col + 1, row) = Cell {
+                ch: ' ',
+                fg: self.current_fg,
+                bg: self.current_bg,
+                attrs: cont_attrs,
+            };
+            if col + 2 >= self.cols {
+                if self.modes.contains(TerminalModes::AUTO_WRAP) {
+                    self.pending_wrap = true;
+                }
+            } else {
+                self.cursor.col = col + 2;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Normal (or wide that doesn't fit) — write as single cell.
+            *self.cell_mut(col, row) = Cell {
+                ch,
+                fg: self.current_fg,
+                bg: self.current_bg,
+                attrs: self.current_attrs,
+            };
+            if col + 1 >= self.cols {
+                if self.modes.contains(TerminalModes::AUTO_WRAP) {
+                    self.pending_wrap = true;
+                }
+            } else {
+                self.cursor.col = col + 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── C0 control characters ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Execute a C0 control byte.
+    pub fn execute_c0(&mut self, byte: u8) {
+        match byte {
+            0x07 => {} // BEL — ignore (audio bell could be added later)
+            0x08 => {
+                // BS — backspace
+                if self.cursor.col > 0 {
+                    self.cursor.col -= 1;
+                    self.pending_wrap = false;
+                }
+            }
+            0x09 => self.advance_tab(),
+            0x0a | 0x0b | 0x0c => {
+                // LF, VT, FF — line feed
+                self.do_linefeed();
+            }
+            0x0d => {
+                // CR
+                self.cursor.col = 0;
+                self.pending_wrap = false;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Advance cursor to the next tab stop.
+    fn advance_tab(&mut self) {
+        let start = self.cursor.col + 1;
+        for col in start..self.cols {
+            if self.tab_stops[col] {
+                self.cursor.col = col;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        self.cursor.col = self.cols.saturating_sub(1);
+    }
+
+    // ─── Line feed / scrolling ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Perform a line feed within the scroll region.
+    fn do_linefeed(&mut self) {
+        if self.cursor.row == self.scroll_bottom {
+            self.scroll_up(1);
+        } else {
+            self.cursor.row = (self.cursor.row + 1).min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+        }
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// Reverse index (scroll down when cursor is at the top of the scroll region).
+    pub fn reverse_index(&mut self) {
+        if self.cursor.row == self.scroll_top {
+            self.scroll_down(1);
+        } else if self.cursor.row > 0 {
+            self.cursor.row -= 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Scroll the contents of the scroll region up by `n` lines.
+    /// Lines scrolled off the top are pushed into the scrollback buffer.
+    pub fn scroll_up(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let n = n.min(self.scroll_bottom - self.scroll_top + 1);
+        for _ in 0..n {
+            // Push top line of the scroll region into scrollback (only when region = full screen).
+            if self.scroll_top == 0 {
+                let top: Vec<Cell> = self.screen[..self.cols].to_vec();
+                if self.scrollback.len() >= self.scrollback_lines {
+                    self.scrollback.pop_front();
+                }
+                self.scrollback.push_back(top);
+            }
+            // Shift rows up.
+            for r in self.scroll_top..self.scroll_bottom {
+                let src = (r + 1) * self.cols;
+                let dst = r * self.cols;
+                self.screen.copy_within(src..src + self.cols, dst);
+            }
+            // Clear the bottom row of the scroll region.
+            let bottom_start = self.scroll_bottom * self.cols;
+            let bg = self.current_bg;
+            let fg = self.current_fg;
+            for cell in &mut self.screen[bottom_start..bottom_start + self.cols] {
+                *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Scroll the scroll region down by `n` lines.
+    pub fn scroll_down(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let n = n.min(self.scroll_bottom - self.scroll_top + 1);
+        for _ in 0..n {
+            for r in (self.scroll_top + 1..=self.scroll_bottom).rev() {
+                let src = (r - 1) * self.cols;
+                let dst = r * self.cols;
+                self.screen.copy_within(src..src + self.cols, dst);
+            }
+            // Clear the top row of the scroll region.
+            let top_start = self.scroll_top * self.cols;
+            let bg = self.current_bg;
+            let fg = self.current_fg;
+            for cell in &mut self.screen[top_start..top_start + self.cols] {
+                *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Cursor movement (CSI sequences) ─────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// CUP / HVP — move cursor to `(row, col)` (0-indexed).
+    pub fn cursor_pos(&mut self, row: usize, col: usize) {
+        let max_row = if self.modes.contains(TerminalModes::AUTO_WRAP) {
+            self.rows.saturating_sub(1)
+        } else {
+            self.rows.saturating_sub(1)
+        };
+        self.cursor.row = row.min(max_row);
+        self.cursor.col = col.min(self.cols.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CUU — cursor up `n`.
+    pub fn cursor_up(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.cursor.row = self.cursor.row.saturating_sub(n).max(self.scroll_top);
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CUD — cursor down `n`.
+    pub fn cursor_down(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.cursor.row = (self.cursor.row + n).min(self.scroll_bottom);
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CUF — cursor forward (right) `n`.
+    pub fn cursor_forward(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.cursor.col = (self.cursor.col + n).min(self.cols.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CUB — cursor back (left) `n`.
+    pub fn cursor_back(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.cursor.col = self.cursor.col.saturating_sub(n);
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CNL — cursor next line `n`.
+    pub fn cursor_next_line(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.cursor.row = (self.cursor.row + n).min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.cursor.col = 0;
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CPL — cursor previous line `n`.
+    pub fn cursor_prev_line(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        self.cursor.row = self.cursor.row.saturating_sub(n);
+        self.cursor.col = 0;
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// CHA / HPA — cursor horizontal absolute (column, 0-indexed).
+    pub fn cursor_col(&mut self, col: usize) {
+        self.cursor.col = col.min(self.cols.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    /// VPA — vertical position absolute (row, 0-indexed).
+    pub fn cursor_row(&mut self, row: usize) {
+        self.cursor.row = row.min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    // ─── Erase operations ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// ED — erase in display.
+    ///
+    /// `mode`: 0 = from cursor to end, 1 = from start to cursor, 2 = whole screen,
+    ///          3 = whole screen + scrollback.
+    pub fn erase_in_display(&mut self, mode: u16) {
+        let col = self.cursor.col;
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        match mode {
+            0 => {
+                // From cursor to end of screen.
+                let start = row * self.cols + col;
+                for cell in &mut self.screen[start..] {
+                    *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+                }
+            }
+            1 => {
+                // From start of screen to cursor.
+                let end = row * self.cols + col + 1;
+                for cell in &mut self.screen[..end] {
+                    *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+                }
+            }
+            2 | 3 => {
+                // Whole screen.
+                for cell in &mut self.screen {
+                    *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+                }
+                if mode == 3 {
+                    self.scrollback.clear();
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// EL — erase in line.
+    ///
+    /// `mode`: 0 = from cursor to end, 1 = from start to cursor, 2 = whole line.
+    pub fn erase_in_line(&mut self, mode: u16) {
+        let col = self.cursor.col;
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        let row_start = row * self.cols;
+        match mode {
+            0 => {
+                for c in col..self.cols {
+                    self.screen[row_start + c] = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+                }
+            }
+            1 => {
+                for c in 0..=col {
+                    self.screen[row_start + c] = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+                }
+            }
+            2 => {
+                for c in 0..self.cols {
+                    self.screen[row_start + c] = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// ECH — erase `n` characters starting at the cursor.
+    pub fn erase_chars(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        let col = self.cursor.col;
+        let end = (col + n).min(self.cols);
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        let row_start = row * self.cols;
+        for c in col..end {
+            self.screen[row_start + c] = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Insert / Delete ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// ICH — insert `n` blank characters at cursor, shifting right.
+    pub fn insert_chars(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        let col = self.cursor.col;
+        let n = n.min(self.cols - col);
+        let row_start = row * self.cols;
+        let row_end = row_start + self.cols;
+        // Shift chars right.
+        for c in (col..self.cols - n).rev() {
+            self.screen[row_start + c + n] = self.screen[row_start + c];
+        }
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        for c in col..col + n {
+            self.screen[row_start + c] = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+        }
+        let _ = row_end; // suppress lint
+    }
+
+    /// DCH — delete `n` characters at cursor, pulling right chars left.
+    pub fn delete_chars(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        let col = self.cursor.col;
+        let n = n.min(self.cols - col);
+        let row_start = row * self.cols;
+        for c in col..self.cols - n {
+            self.screen[row_start + c] = self.screen[row_start + c + n];
+        }
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        for c in self.cols - n..self.cols {
+            self.screen[row_start + c] = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// IL — insert `n` blank lines at cursor row.
+    pub fn insert_lines(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        // Only insert within the scroll region.
+        if row < self.scroll_top || row > self.scroll_bottom {
+            return;
+        }
+        let n = n.min(self.scroll_bottom - row + 1);
+        // Shift rows down (within scroll region).
+        for r in (row..=self.scroll_bottom - n).rev() {
+            let src = r * self.cols;
+            let dst = (r + n) * self.cols;
+            self.screen.copy_within(src..src + self.cols, dst);
+        }
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        for r in row..row + n {
+            let s = r * self.cols;
+            for cell in &mut self.screen[s..s + self.cols] {
+                *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+            }
+        }
+        self.cursor.col = 0;
+    }
+
+    /// DL — delete `n` lines at cursor row.
+    pub fn delete_lines(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let row = self.cursor.row;
+        if row < self.scroll_top || row > self.scroll_bottom {
+            return;
+        }
+        let n = n.min(self.scroll_bottom - row + 1);
+        for r in row..=self.scroll_bottom - n {
+            let src = (r + n) * self.cols;
+            let dst = r * self.cols;
+            self.screen.copy_within(src..src + self.cols, dst);
+        }
+        let fg = self.current_fg;
+        let bg = self.current_bg;
+        for r in self.scroll_bottom - n + 1..=self.scroll_bottom {
+            let s = r * self.cols;
+            for cell in &mut self.screen[s..s + self.cols] {
+                *cell = Cell::new(' ', fg, bg, CellAttrs::empty());
+            }
+        }
+        self.cursor.col = 0;
+    }
+
+    // ─── SGR (Select Graphic Rendition) ──────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Process an SGR sequence (CSI `m`).  `params` is the flat semicolon-separated
+    /// parameter list; an empty slice is equivalent to `[0]` (reset).
+    pub fn process_sgr(&mut self, params: &[u32]) {
+        if params.is_empty() {
+            self.sgr_reset();
+            return;
+        }
+        let mut i = 0;
+        while i < params.len() {
+            match params[i] {
+                0 => self.sgr_reset(),
+                1 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::BOLD),
+                2 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::DIM),
+                3 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::ITALIC),
+                4 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::UNDERLINE),
+                5 | 6 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::BLINK),
+                7 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::REVERSE),
+                8 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::INVISIBLE),
+                9 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::STRIKETHROUGH),
+                21 => self.current_attrs.insert(CellAttrs::UNDERLINE2),
+                22 => self.current_attrs.remove(CellAttrs::BOLD | CellAttrs::DIM),
+                23 => self.current_attrs.remove(CellAttrs::ITALIC),
+                24 => self
+                    .current_attrs
+                    .remove(CellAttrs::UNDERLINE | CellAttrs::UNDERLINE2),
+                25 => self.current_attrs.remove(CellAttrs::BLINK),
+                27 => self.current_attrs.remove(CellAttrs::REVERSE),
+                28 => self.current_attrs.remove(CellAttrs::INVISIBLE),
+                29 => self.current_attrs.remove(CellAttrs::STRIKETHROUGH),
+                // Foreground 16 colors
+                30..=37 => self.current_fg = Color::Indexed((params[i] - 30) as u8),
+                38 => {
+                    if let Some(color) = self.parse_extended_color(params, &mut i) {
+                        self.current_fg = color;
+                    }
+                }
+                39 => self.current_fg = Color::Default,
+                // Background 16 colors
+                40..=47 => self.current_bg = Color::Indexed((params[i] - 40) as u8),
+                48 => {
+                    if let Some(color) = self.parse_extended_color(params, &mut i) {
+                        self.current_bg = color;
+                    }
+                }
+                49 => self.current_bg = Color::Default,
+                // Bright / high-intensity foreground (8–15)
+                90..=97 => self.current_fg = Color::Indexed((params[i] - 90 + 8) as u8),
+                // Bright / high-intensity background (8–15)
+                100..=107 => self.current_bg = Color::Indexed((params[i] - 100 + 8) as u8),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+            i += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn sgr_reset(&mut self) {
+        self.current_fg = Color::Default;
+        self.current_bg = Color::Default;
+        self.current_attrs = CellAttrs::empty();
+    }
+
+    /// Parse an extended color (38;5;n  or  38;2;r;g;b) starting *after* `params[i]`.
+    /// Returns the color and advances `i` by the number of consumed extra params.
+    fn parse_extended_color(&self, params: &[u32], i: &mut usize) -> Option<Color> {
+        if *i + 1 >= params.len() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        match params[*i + 1] {
+            5 if *i + 2 < params.len() => {
+                *i += 2;
+                Some(Color::Indexed(params[*i] as u8))
+            }
+            2 if *i + 4 < params.len() => {
+                *i += 4;
+                Some(Color::Rgb(
+                    params[*i - 2] as u8,
+                    params[*i - 1] as u8,
+                    params[*i] as u8,
+                ))
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Scroll region ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// DECSTBM — set scrolling region, `top` and `bottom` are 0-indexed.
+    pub fn set_scroll_region(&mut self, top: usize, bottom: usize) {
+        let bottom = bottom.min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+        if top < bottom {
+            self.scroll_top = top;
+            self.scroll_bottom = bottom;
+        }
+        // Reset cursor to home on region change.
+        self.cursor_pos(0, 0);
+    }
+
+    // ─── Save / Restore cursor ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// DECSC — save cursor.
+    pub fn save_cursor(&mut self) {
+        self.saved_cursor = Some(self.cursor);
+    }
+
+    /// DECRC — restore cursor.
+    pub fn restore_cursor(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(c) = self.saved_cursor {
+            self.cursor = c;
+            self.cursor.col = self.cursor.col.min(self.cols.saturating_sub(1));
+            self.cursor.row = self.cursor.row.min(self.rows.saturating_sub(1));
+            self.pending_wrap = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Alternate screen ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Switch to or from the alternate screen (DECSET/DECRST 1049).
+    pub fn set_alt_screen(&mut self, enable: bool) {
+        let currently_alt = self.modes.contains(TerminalModes::ALT_SCREEN);
+        if enable == currently_alt {
+            return;
+        }
+        if enable {
+            // Save main screen + cursor, switch to blank alt screen.
+            self.alt_screen = Some(self.screen.clone());
+            self.alt_cursor = Some(self.cursor);
+            self.screen = vec![Cell::blank(); self.cols * self.rows];
+            self.cursor = Cursor::default();
+            self.pending_wrap = false;
+            self.modes.insert(TerminalModes::ALT_SCREEN);
+        } else {
+            // Restore main screen.
+            if let Some(s) = self.alt_screen.take() {
+                self.screen = s;
+            }
+            if let Some(c) = self.alt_cursor.take() {
+                self.cursor = c;
+            }
+            self.pending_wrap = false;
+            self.modes.remove(TerminalModes::ALT_SCREEN);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Mode setting (DECSET / DECRST) ──────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Apply a DEC private mode set (`?h`) or reset (`?l`).
+    pub fn set_dec_mode(&mut self, mode: u16, value: bool) {
+        match mode {
+            1 => self.modes.set(TerminalModes::DECCKM, value), // DECCKM — application cursor keys
+            6 => {} // DECOM — origin mode (simplified: ignore)
+            7 => {
+                self.modes.set(TerminalModes::AUTO_WRAP, value);
+            }
+            12 => {} // DECSCNM / cursor blink
+            25 => {
+                self.modes.set(TerminalModes::CURSOR_VIS, value);
+            }
+            1000 | 1002 | 1003 => {
+                self.modes.set(TerminalModes::MOUSE, value);
+                self.mouse_mode = if value { mode } else { 0 };
+            }
+            1004 => {
+                self.modes.set(TerminalModes::FOCUS_EVENTS, value);
+            }
+            1049 => self.set_alt_screen(value),
+            2004 => {
+                self.modes.set(TerminalModes::BRACKET_PASTE, value);
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Apply an ANSI mode set (`h`) or reset (`l`).
+    pub fn set_ansi_mode(&mut self, mode: u16, value: bool) {
+        match mode {
+            4 => {
+                self.modes.set(TerminalModes::INSERT_MODE, value);
+            }
+            20 => {} // LNM — linefeed / newline mode
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Window title ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn set_title(&mut self, title: &str) {
+        self.title = title.to_string();
+    }
+
+    // ─── VT response queue ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// DSR 6 — cursor position report: `\x1b[{row};{col}R`.
+    pub fn cursor_pos_report(&mut self) {
+        let row = self.cursor.row + 1;
+        let col = self.cursor.col + 1;
+        self.pending_responses
+            .push(format!("\x1b[{row};{col}R").into_bytes());
+    }
+
+    /// DSR 5 — operating status: `\x1b[0n` (device OK).
+    pub fn operating_status_report(&mut self) {
+        self.pending_responses.push(b"\x1b[0n".to_vec());
+    }
+
+    /// DA1 — primary device attributes: `\x1b[?1;2c` (VT100 + advanced video).
+    pub fn device_attrs_report(&mut self) {
+        self.pending_responses.push(b"\x1b[?1;2c".to_vec());
+    }
+
+    // ─── Tab stops ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// TBC — tab clear.  `mode` 0 = clear current stop, 3 = clear all stops.
+    pub fn clear_tab_stops(&mut self, mode: u16) {
+        match mode {
+            0 => {
+                let col = self.cursor.col;
+                if col < self.tab_stops.len() {
+                    self.tab_stops[col] = false;
+                }
+            }
+            3 => {
+                for t in &mut self.tab_stops {
+                    *t = false;
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// HTS — set tab stop at current column.
+    pub fn set_tab_stop(&mut self) {
+        let col = self.cursor.col;
+        if col < self.tab_stops.len() {
+            self.tab_stops[col] = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// CBT — cursor backward tab `n` stops.
+    pub fn cursor_backward_tab(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        let mut count = n;
+        let mut col = self.cursor.col;
+        while col > 0 && count > 0 {
+            col -= 1;
+            if self.tab_stops[col] {
+                count -= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        self.cursor.col = col;
+        self.pending_wrap = false;
+    }
+
+    // ─── Reset ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// RIS — full reset (ESC c).
+    pub fn full_reset(&mut self) {
+        let cols = self.cols;
+        let rows = self.rows;
+        let sl = self.scrollback_lines;
+        *self = Self::new(cols, rows, sl);
+    }
+
+    // ─── Kitty Graphics Protocol ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Process the payload of a Kitty Graphics Protocol APC sequence.
+    ///
+    /// `payload` is everything after the leading `'G'` byte that distinguishes
+    /// a Kitty APC from other SOS/PM/APC sequences.  The caller (the VT parser)
+    /// is responsible for stripping that leading byte.
+    ///
+    /// When the action (`a=T` or `a=p`) requires placing an image and the final
+    /// chunk has arrived, a [`KittyPlacement`] is pushed at the current cursor
+    /// position.
+    pub fn dispatch_apc(&mut self, payload: &[u8]) {
+        let ctrl = crate::kitty::parse_header(payload);
+        let action = ctrl.action.unwrap_or('t'); // default = transmit only
+        let id = ctrl.image_id.unwrap_or(0);
+
+        // Delete action: evict the image and mark GPU texture for removal.
+        if action == 'd' {
+            if id != 0 {
+                self.kitty.remove(id);
+                self.kitty_placements.retain(|p| p.image_id != id);
+                self.kitty_deleted_ids.push(id);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Ingest this chunk (handles multi-chunk assembly internally).
+        self.kitty.ingest(payload);
+
+        // If this is the final chunk and the action requires display, place it.
+        if !ctrl.more && matches!(action, 'p' | 'T') {
+            if let Some(img) = self.kitty.get(id) {
+                self.kitty_placements.push(KittyPlacement {
+                    image_id: id,
+                    col: self.cursor.col,
+                    row: self.cursor.row,
+                    pixel_width: img.width,
+                    pixel_height: img.height,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/tray.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+//! System tray icon (Phase 11).
+//!
+//! Creates a persistent system-tray presence using the `tray-icon` crate.
+//! The tray icon lets the user restore the winiterm window after it has been
+//! hidden (e.g. by closing it while `tray_icon = true` is set in the Lua
+//! config).
+//!
+//! # Right-click menu (D2)
+//!
+//! A context menu with two items is attached:
+//! * **Show winiterm** — brings the window back to the foreground.
+//! * **Quit** — terminates the process cleanly.
+//!
+//! # Event model
+//!
+//! We use the simple polling model: `poll_events` is called from winit's
+//! `about_to_wait` hook and reads from the crossbeam channels exposed by
+//! `TrayIconEvent::receiver()` (left-clicks) and `muda::MenuEvent::receiver()`
+//! (context-menu item clicks).
+
+use muda::{Menu, MenuEvent, MenuId, MenuItem};
+use tray_icon::{MouseButton, TrayIcon, TrayIconBuilder, TrayIconEvent};
+
+// ─── TrayAction ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// The action that the caller should take after a tray event.
+pub enum TrayAction {
+    /// Make the main window visible and bring it to the foreground.
+    Show,
+    /// Exit the application.
+    Quit,
+}
+
+// ─── TrayHandle ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Opaque handle to a live system tray icon.
+///
+/// The inner [`TrayIcon`] keeps the OS tray entry alive for as long as this
+/// value exists.  Drop it to remove the icon from the system tray.
+pub struct TrayHandle {
+    _icon: TrayIcon,
+    /// The menu-item ID of the "Quit" entry, used to match `MenuEvent`s.
+    quit_id: MenuId,
+}
+
+// ─── Public API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Create a system tray icon with a solid-cyan 16 × 16 default icon and a
+/// right-click context menu containing "Show winiterm" and "Quit" items.
+///
+/// Returns `None` if the tray icon could not be created (e.g. because no
+/// system tray is available, or the underlying platform call failed).
+pub fn create_tray_icon() -> Option<TrayHandle> {
+    // Build the right-click context menu.
+    let menu = Menu::new();
+    let show_item = MenuItem::new("Show winiterm", true, None);
+    let quit_item = MenuItem::new("Quit", true, None);
+    let quit_id = quit_item.id().clone();
+    let _ = menu.append(&show_item);
+    let _ = menu.append(&quit_item);
+
+    let icon = make_default_icon()?;
+
+    let tray = TrayIconBuilder::new()
+        .with_tooltip("winiterm")
+        .with_icon(icon)
+        .with_menu(Box::new(menu))
+        .build()
+        .map_err(|e| log::warn!("tray icon creation failed: {e}"))
+        .ok()?;
+
+    log::info!("system tray icon created");
+    Some(TrayHandle {
+        _icon: tray,
+        quit_id,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Poll for pending tray events without blocking.
+///
+/// Returns `Some(TrayAction)` when a relevant event occurred, or `None` when
+/// the queues are empty.
+///
+/// Priority: left-click (show) is checked first, then the context-menu channel.
+pub fn poll_events(tray: &TrayHandle) -> Option<TrayAction> {
+    // Left-click on the tray icon → show window.
+    while let Ok(event) = TrayIconEvent::receiver().try_recv() {
+        if let TrayIconEvent::Click {
+            button: MouseButton::Left,
+            ..
+        } = event
+        {
+            return Some(TrayAction::Show);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Context-menu item clicks.
+    while let Ok(event) = MenuEvent::receiver().try_recv() {
+        if event.id == tray.quit_id {
+            return Some(TrayAction::Quit);
+        } else {
+            // Any other item (currently just "Show winiterm") → show window.
+            return Some(TrayAction::Show);
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+// ─── Icon helper ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Generate a plain 16 × 16 RGBA icon filled with the winiterm brand colour
+/// (a bright cyan, #1EB3FF).
+fn make_default_icon() -> Option<tray_icon::Icon> {
+    const W: u32 = 16;
+    const H: u32 = 16;
+    // Draw a rounded-ish "W" shape in cyan on a dark background.
+    let mut rgba = vec![0u8; (W * H * 4) as usize];
+    for y in 0..H {
+        for x in 0..W {
+            let i = ((y * W + x) * 4) as usize;
+            // Background: dark navy
+            rgba[i] = 0x10; // R
+            rgba[i + 1] = 0x14; // G
+            rgba[i + 2] = 0x1e; // B
+            rgba[i + 3] = 0xff; // A
+                                // "W" glyph pattern: two outer legs + a valley + two inner legs
+                                // (pixel art at 16 × 16)
+            let in_w = matches!(
+                (x, y),
+                // top row
+                (1, 2) | (2, 2) | (13, 2) | (14, 2) |
+                // left leg descending
+                (2, 3) | (2, 4) | (2, 5) | (2, 6) | (2, 7) |
+                (3, 7) | (3, 8) |
+                // right leg descending
+                (13, 3) | (13, 4) | (13, 5) | (13, 6) | (13, 7) |
+                (12, 7) | (12, 8) |
+                // inner left leg ascending
+                (4, 9)  | (4, 10) | (5, 10) | (5, 11) |
+                // inner right leg ascending
+                (11, 9) | (11, 10) | (10, 10) | (10, 11) |
+                // valley bottom
+                (6, 11) | (7, 11) | (8, 11) | (9, 11) |
+                // base closure
+                (1, 3)  | (14, 3)
+            );
+            if in_w {
+                rgba[i] = 0x1e; // R
+                rgba[i + 1] = 0xb3; // G
+                rgba[i + 2] = 0xff; // B
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    tray_icon::Icon::from_rgba(rgba, W, H)
+        .map_err(|e| log::warn!("tray icon pixel data invalid: {e}"))
+        .ok()
+}

winiterm/src/vt_parser.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,680 @@
+//! VT/ANSI escape-sequence parser.
+//!
+//! Implements a state machine based on Paul Williams' VT100/VT500 parser:
+//! <https://vt100.net/emu/dec_ansi_parser>
+//!
+//! The parser processes raw bytes and dispatches semantic actions directly to
+//! a [`Terminal`]. It is deliberately zero-allocation on the hot path; OSC and
+//! DCS buffers are `Vec<u8>` but only extended on unusual sequences.
+
+use crate::terminal::Terminal;
+
+// ─── State ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum State {
+    Ground,
+    Escape,
+    EscapeIntermediate,
+    CsiEntry,
+    CsiParam,
+    CsiIntermediate,
+    CsiIgnore,
+    OscString,
+    OscStringSt, // received ESC inside OSC, waiting for '\' to complete ST
+    DcsEntry,
+    DcsPassthrough,
+    DcsIgnore,
+    SosPmApcString,
+    SosPmApcStringSt, // received ESC inside SosPmApcString, waiting for '\'
+}
+
+// ─── Parser ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Maximum number of CSI parameters we track.
+const MAX_PARAMS: usize = 32;
+/// Maximum number of CSI intermediate bytes.
+const MAX_INTERMEDIATES: usize = 4;
+
+/// Stateful VT/ANSI byte-stream parser.
+pub struct Parser {
+    state: State,
+    /// Raw parameter values.  Parameters are `u32` so that very large values
+    /// (e.g. OSC colour indices) can be accumulated without truncation.
+    params: [u32; MAX_PARAMS],
+    /// Number of valid entries in `params`.
+    param_count: usize,
+    /// Digit accumulator for the parameter currently being parsed.
+    current_param: u32,
+    /// Optional DEC-private marker byte: one of `?`, `<`, `=`, `>`.
+    private_marker: u8,
+    /// Intermediate bytes collected during an escape/CSI sequence.
+    intermediates: [u8; MAX_INTERMEDIATES],
+    intermediate_count: usize,
+    /// OSC string accumulation buffer.
+    osc_buf: Vec<u8>,
+    /// DCS / APC string accumulation buffer (ignored in Phase 2).
+    dcs_buf: Vec<u8>,
+    // ── UTF-8 multi-byte decoder ────────────────────────────────────────────
+    utf8_buf: [u8; 4],
+    utf8_idx: usize,
+    utf8_needed: usize,
+}
+
+impl Parser {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            state: State::Ground,
+            params: [0; MAX_PARAMS],
+            param_count: 0,
+            current_param: 0,
+            private_marker: 0,
+            intermediates: [0; MAX_INTERMEDIATES],
+            intermediate_count: 0,
+            osc_buf: Vec::new(),
+            dcs_buf: Vec::new(),
+            utf8_buf: [0; 4],
+            utf8_idx: 0,
+            utf8_needed: 0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Feed `data` through the parser, dispatching actions to `terminal`.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn parse(&mut self, data: &[u8], terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        for &byte in data {
+            self.process_byte(byte, terminal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Per-byte dispatch ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn process_byte(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        // ── State-independent C0 transitions ─────────────────────────────────
+        // CAN (0x18) and SUB (0x1a): cancel current sequence → Ground.
+        if byte == 0x18 || byte == 0x1a {
+            self.state = State::Ground;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        match self.state {
+            State::Ground => self.ground(byte, terminal),
+            State::Escape => self.escape(byte, terminal),
+            State::EscapeIntermediate => self.escape_intermediate(byte, terminal),
+            State::CsiEntry => self.csi_entry(byte, terminal),
+            State::CsiParam => self.csi_param(byte, terminal),
+            State::CsiIntermediate => self.csi_intermediate(byte, terminal),
+            State::CsiIgnore => self.csi_ignore(byte),
+            State::OscString => self.osc_string(byte, terminal),
+            State::OscStringSt => self.osc_string_st(byte, terminal),
+            State::DcsEntry | State::DcsPassthrough | State::DcsIgnore => {
+                self.dcs(byte);
+            }
+            State::SosPmApcString => self.sos_pm_apc(byte, terminal),
+            State::SosPmApcStringSt => self.sos_pm_apc_st(byte, terminal),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── State handlers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn ground(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            // C0 controls
+            0x00..=0x08 | 0x0e..=0x1a | 0x1c..=0x1f => {
+                terminal.execute_c0(byte);
+            }
+            0x09 | 0x0a | 0x0b | 0x0c | 0x0d => {
+                terminal.execute_c0(byte);
+            }
+            0x1b => {
+                self.reset_params();
+                self.state = State::Escape;
+            }
+            0x7f => {} // DEL — ignore
+            // ASCII printable
+            0x20..=0x7e => {
+                terminal.write_char(byte as char);
+            }
+            // UTF-8 multi-byte sequence start
+            0xc0..=0xdf => self.utf8_start(byte, 2),
+            0xe0..=0xef => self.utf8_start(byte, 3),
+            0xf0..=0xf7 => self.utf8_start(byte, 4),
+            // UTF-8 continuation or invalid — try to continue accumulation
+            0x80..=0xbf => self.utf8_continue(byte, terminal),
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn escape(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            // Enter CSI
+            b'[' => {
+                self.reset_params();
+                self.state = State::CsiEntry;
+            }
+            // Enter OSC
+            b']' => {
+                self.osc_buf.clear();
+                self.state = State::OscString;
+            }
+            // Enter DCS
+            b'P' => {
+                self.dcs_buf.clear();
+                self.state = State::DcsEntry;
+            }
+            // SOS / PM / APC  (all absorbed, APC used by Kitty in a later phase)
+            b'X' | b'^' | b'_' => {
+                self.dcs_buf.clear();
+                self.state = State::SosPmApcString;
+            }
+            // String terminator (bare ESC \) — only meaningful inside OSC/DCS
+            b'\\' => {
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            // Intermediate byte (0x20–0x2f)
+            0x20..=0x2f => {
+                self.collect_intermediate(byte);
+                self.state = State::EscapeIntermediate;
+            }
+            // Two-character ESC sequences (final byte 0x30–0x7e)
+            0x30..=0x7e => {
+                self.dispatch_esc(byte, terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            // Nested ESC — re-enter Escape, reset intermediates
+            0x1b => {
+                self.reset_params();
+            }
+            _ => {
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn escape_intermediate(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            0x20..=0x2f => self.collect_intermediate(byte),
+            0x30..=0x7e => {
+                self.dispatch_esc(byte, terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            _ => {
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn csi_entry(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            // DEC private marker
+            b'?' | b'<' | b'=' | b'>' => {
+                self.private_marker = byte;
+                self.state = State::CsiParam;
+            }
+            // Digit / semicolon — start parameter
+            b'0'..=b'9' => {
+                self.current_param = (byte - b'0') as u32;
+                self.state = State::CsiParam;
+            }
+            b';' => {
+                self.push_param();
+                self.state = State::CsiParam;
+            }
+            // Colon sub-parameter: treat as semicolon for now
+            b':' => {
+                self.push_param();
+                self.state = State::CsiParam;
+            }
+            // Intermediate bytes
+            0x20..=0x2f => {
+                self.collect_intermediate(byte);
+                self.state = State::CsiIntermediate;
+            }
+            // Final byte
+            0x40..=0x7e => {
+                self.push_param();
+                self.dispatch_csi(byte, terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            0x1b => {
+                self.state = State::Escape;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn csi_param(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            b'0'..=b'9' => {
+                self.current_param = self
+                    .current_param
+                    .saturating_mul(10)
+                    .saturating_add((byte - b'0') as u32);
+            }
+            b';' | b':' => {
+                self.push_param();
+            }
+            0x20..=0x2f => {
+                self.push_param();
+                self.collect_intermediate(byte);
+                self.state = State::CsiIntermediate;
+            }
+            0x40..=0x7e => {
+                self.push_param();
+                self.dispatch_csi(byte, terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            // Invalid parameter byte in range 0x3c–0x3f while in CsiParam
+            0x3c..=0x3f => {
+                self.state = State::CsiIgnore;
+            }
+            0x1b => {
+                self.state = State::Escape;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn csi_intermediate(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            0x20..=0x2f => self.collect_intermediate(byte),
+            0x40..=0x7e => {
+                self.dispatch_csi(byte, terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            0x30..=0x3f => {
+                self.state = State::CsiIgnore;
+            }
+            0x1b => {
+                self.state = State::Escape;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn csi_ignore(&mut self, byte: u8) {
+        if matches!(byte, 0x40..=0x7e) {
+            self.state = State::Ground;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn osc_string(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            0x07 => {
+                // BEL terminates OSC.
+                let osc = self.osc_buf.clone();
+                self.dispatch_osc(&osc, terminal);
+                self.osc_buf.clear();
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            0x1b => {
+                // ESC: could be start of ST (ESC \).
+                self.state = State::OscStringSt;
+            }
+            0x20..=0xff => {
+                self.osc_buf.push(byte);
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn osc_string_st(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        if byte == b'\\' {
+            // ESC \ = ST — terminate OSC.
+            let osc = self.osc_buf.clone();
+            self.dispatch_osc(&osc, terminal);
+            self.osc_buf.clear();
+        }
+        // Regardless of what follows ESC inside an OSC, return to Ground.
+        self.state = State::Ground;
+    }
+
+    fn dcs(&mut self, byte: u8) {
+        // Phase 2: absorb all DCS content.
+        if byte == 0x07 || (byte == b'\\') {
+            self.state = State::Ground;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn sos_pm_apc(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        // Accumulate SOS/PM/APC content; dispatch when ST arrives.
+        match byte {
+            // BEL (0x07) — abbreviated string terminator used by some apps.
+            0x07 => {
+                self.dispatch_apc_inner(terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            // ESC — could be the start of ST (ESC \).
+            0x1b => {
+                self.state = State::SosPmApcStringSt;
+            }
+            // Anything else: accumulate.
+            _ => {
+                self.dcs_buf.push(byte);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn sos_pm_apc_st(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        match byte {
+            // ESC \ = ST — dispatch and return to Ground.
+            b'\\' => {
+                self.dispatch_apc_inner(terminal);
+                self.state = State::Ground;
+            }
+            // Another ESC: the previous ESC was literal data; push it and stay
+            // in this state waiting for the actual '\'.
+            0x1b => {
+                self.dcs_buf.push(0x1b);
+                // stay in SosPmApcStringSt
+            }
+            // Anything else: the previous ESC was literal data; push both and
+            // return to accumulating.
+            _ => {
+                self.dcs_buf.push(0x1b);
+                self.dcs_buf.push(byte);
+                self.state = State::SosPmApcString;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Dispatch the accumulated APC buffer, then clear it.
+    ///
+    /// Only Kitty Graphics Protocol sequences (first byte `'G'`) are handled.
+    fn dispatch_apc_inner(&mut self, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        if self.dcs_buf.first() == Some(&b'G') {
+            // Pass everything after the leading 'G' to the terminal's Kitty handler.
+            terminal.dispatch_apc(&self.dcs_buf[1..]);
+        }
+        self.dcs_buf.clear();
+    }
+
+    // ─── UTF-8 multi-byte decoder ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn utf8_start(&mut self, byte: u8, needed: usize) {
+        self.utf8_buf[0] = byte;
+        self.utf8_idx = 1;
+        self.utf8_needed = needed;
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn utf8_continue(&mut self, byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        if self.utf8_needed == 0 {
+            // Stray continuation byte — skip.
+            return;
+        }
+        self.utf8_buf[self.utf8_idx] = byte;
+        self.utf8_idx += 1;
+        if self.utf8_idx == self.utf8_needed {
+            let slice = &self.utf8_buf[..self.utf8_needed];
+            if let Ok(s) = std::str::from_utf8(slice) {
+                if let Some(ch) = s.chars().next() {
+                    terminal.write_char(ch);
+                }
+            }
+            self.utf8_needed = 0;
+            self.utf8_idx = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── Parameter helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn push_param(&mut self) {
+        if self.param_count < MAX_PARAMS {
+            self.params[self.param_count] = self.current_param;
+            self.param_count += 1;
+        }
+        self.current_param = 0;
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn reset_params(&mut self) {
+        self.param_count = 0;
+        self.current_param = 0;
+        self.private_marker = 0;
+        self.intermediate_count = 0;
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn collect_intermediate(&mut self, byte: u8) {
+        if self.intermediate_count < MAX_INTERMEDIATES {
+            self.intermediates[self.intermediate_count] = byte;
+            self.intermediate_count += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Return the parsed parameter slice (including the last accumulated digit run).
+    #[inline]
+    fn params(&self) -> &[u32] {
+        &self.params[..self.param_count]
+    }
+
+    /// Get parameter at `idx`, defaulting to `default` if absent or zero.
+    #[inline]
+    fn param_or(&self, idx: usize, default: u32) -> u32 {
+        let p = self.params.get(idx).copied().unwrap_or(0);
+        if p == 0 {
+            default
+        } else {
+            p
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── ESC dispatch ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn dispatch_esc(&mut self, final_byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        let inter = if self.intermediate_count > 0 {
+            self.intermediates[0]
+        } else {
+            0
+        };
+
+        match (inter, final_byte) {
+            // DECSC — save cursor (ESC 7)
+            (0, b'7') => terminal.save_cursor(),
+            // DECRC — restore cursor (ESC 8)
+            (0, b'8') => terminal.restore_cursor(),
+            // IND — index (line feed without CR)
+            (0, b'D') => terminal.execute_c0(0x0a),
+            // NEL — next line
+            (0, b'E') => {
+                terminal.execute_c0(0x0a);
+                terminal.execute_c0(0x0d);
+            }
+            // HTS — set tab stop at current column
+            (0, b'H') => terminal.set_tab_stop(),
+            // RI — reverse index
+            (0, b'M') => terminal.reverse_index(),
+            // RIS — reset to initial state
+            (0, b'c') => terminal.full_reset(),
+            // Character set designations (G0/G1) — accept but ignore
+            (b'(' | b')' | b'*' | b'+', _) => {}
+            // DECPAM / DECPNM (application / normal keypad) — ignore in Phase 2
+            (0, b'=') | (0, b'>') => {}
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── CSI dispatch ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn dispatch_csi(&mut self, final_byte: u8, terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        let priv_marker = self.private_marker;
+        let inter = if self.intermediate_count > 0 {
+            self.intermediates[0]
+        } else {
+            0
+        };
+        let params = self.params();
+
+        match (priv_marker, inter, final_byte) {
+            // ── Cursor movement ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // CUU — cursor up
+            (0, 0, b'A') => terminal.cursor_up(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // CUD — cursor down
+            (0, 0, b'B') => terminal.cursor_down(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // CUF — cursor forward (right)
+            (0, 0, b'C') => terminal.cursor_forward(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // CUB — cursor back (left)
+            (0, 0, b'D') => terminal.cursor_back(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // CNL — cursor next line
+            (0, 0, b'E') => terminal.cursor_next_line(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // CPL — cursor previous line
+            (0, 0, b'F') => terminal.cursor_prev_line(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // CHA / HPA — cursor column absolute (1-based → 0-based)
+            (0, 0, b'G') | (0, 0, b'`') => {
+                terminal.cursor_col(self.param_or(0, 1).saturating_sub(1) as usize)
+            }
+            // CUP / HVP — cursor position (1-based)
+            (0, 0, b'H') | (0, 0, b'f') => {
+                let row = self.param_or(0, 1).saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+                let col = self.param_or(1, 1).saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+                terminal.cursor_pos(row, col);
+            }
+            // VPA — vertical position absolute (1-based)
+            (0, 0, b'd') => terminal.cursor_row(self.param_or(0, 1).saturating_sub(1) as usize),
+
+            // ── Tab ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // CBT — cursor backward tab
+            (0, 0, b'Z') => terminal.cursor_backward_tab(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // TBC — tab clear
+            (0, 0, b'g') => terminal.clear_tab_stops(params.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u16),
+
+            // ── Erase ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // ED — erase in display
+            (0, 0, b'J') => terminal.erase_in_display(params.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u16),
+            // EL — erase in line
+            (0, 0, b'K') => terminal.erase_in_line(params.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u16),
+            // ECH — erase characters
+            (0, 0, b'X') => terminal.erase_chars(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+
+            // ── Insert / Delete ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // ICH — insert characters
+            (0, 0, b'@') => terminal.insert_chars(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // IL — insert lines
+            (0, 0, b'L') => terminal.insert_lines(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // DL — delete lines
+            (0, 0, b'M') => terminal.delete_lines(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // DCH — delete characters
+            (0, 0, b'P') => terminal.delete_chars(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+
+            // ── Scroll ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // SU — scroll up
+            (0, 0, b'S') => terminal.scroll_up(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+            // SD — scroll down
+            (0, 0, b'T') => terminal.scroll_down(self.param_or(0, 1) as usize),
+
+            // ── SGR ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            (0, 0, b'm') => terminal.process_sgr(params),
+
+            // ── Scroll region ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // DECSTBM — set top/bottom margin (1-based)
+            (0, 0, b'r') => {
+                let top = self.param_or(0, 1).saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+                let bottom = self.param_or(1, terminal.rows as u32).saturating_sub(1) as usize;
+                terminal.set_scroll_region(top, bottom);
+            }
+
+            // ── Save / Restore cursor ─────────────────────────────────────────
+            (0, 0, b's') => terminal.save_cursor(),
+            (0, 0, b'u') => terminal.restore_cursor(),
+
+            // ── Device status report ──────────────────────────────────────────
+            // DSR (CSI n) — respond to operating-status (5) and cursor-pos (6) queries.
+            (0, 0, b'n') => match params.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) {
+                5 => terminal.operating_status_report(),
+                6 => terminal.cursor_pos_report(),
+                _ => {}
+            },
+
+            // ── Device attributes ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+            // DA1 (CSI c / CSI 0 c) — report VT100 with advanced video option.
+            (0, 0, b'c') => {
+                if params.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) == 0 {
+                    terminal.device_attrs_report();
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ── DEC private modes (? prefix) ──────────────────────────────────
+            (b'?', 0, b'h') => {
+                for &p in params {
+                    terminal.set_dec_mode(p as u16, true);
+                }
+            }
+            (b'?', 0, b'l') => {
+                for &p in params {
+                    terminal.set_dec_mode(p as u16, false);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ── ANSI modes ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+            (0, 0, b'h') => {
+                for &p in params {
+                    terminal.set_ansi_mode(p as u16, true);
+                }
+            }
+            (0, 0, b'l') => {
+                for &p in params {
+                    terminal.set_ansi_mode(p as u16, false);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ── Cursor style (DECSCUSR) ───────────────────────────────────────
+            (0, b' ', b'q') => {
+                use crate::terminal::CursorShape;
+                let shape = match params.first().copied().unwrap_or(0) {
+                    1 | 2 => CursorShape::Block,
+                    3 | 4 => CursorShape::Underline,
+                    5 | 6 => CursorShape::Beam,
+                    _ => CursorShape::Block,
+                };
+                terminal.cursor.shape = shape;
+            }
+
+            // ── Window manipulation (xterm CSI t) — ignore ────────────────────
+            (0, 0, b't') => {}
+
+            // Anything else: silently ignore.
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ─── OSC dispatch ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn dispatch_osc(&self, data: &[u8], terminal: &mut Terminal) {
+        // Split on the first ';' to separate the command code from the payload.
+        let Some(sep) = data.iter().position(|&b| b == b';') else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let command_bytes = &data[..sep];
+        let payload = &data[sep + 1..];
+
+        let command: u32 = std::str::from_utf8(command_bytes)
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|s| s.parse().ok())
+            .unwrap_or(u32::MAX);
+
+        match command {
+            // OSC 0 / OSC 2 — set window title
+            0 | 2 => {
+                if let Ok(title) = std::str::from_utf8(payload) {
+                    terminal.set_title(title);
+                }
+            }
+            // OSC 8 — hyperlinks (Phase 3+)
+            8 => {}
+            // OSC 52 — clipboard (Phase 5+, Lua API)
+            52 => {}
+            // Everything else is silently ignored.
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Parser {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}

winiterm/src/workspace.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+//! Workspace: tab and pane management (Phase 4).
+//!
+//! A [`Workspace`] owns a set of [`TerminalPane`]s and organises them into
+//! [`Tab`]s, each of which has a [`SplitNode`] tree describing how its panes
+//! are laid out on screen.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::pane::TerminalPane;
+use crate::split::{Rect, SplitDir, SplitNode};
+
+// ─── Tab ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// A single tab in the terminal multiplexer.
+pub struct Tab {
+    /// Display name shown in the tab bar.
+    pub name: String,
+    /// Split tree for this tab's panes.
+    pub root: SplitNode,
+    /// ID of the currently focused pane.
+    pub active_pane: usize,
+}
+
+// ─── Workspace ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Manages all tabs and panes for one winiterm window.
+pub struct Workspace {
+    /// All tabs, in display order.
+    pub tabs: Vec<Tab>,
+    /// Index of the currently visible tab.
+    pub active_tab: usize,
+    /// All live panes keyed by ID.
+    panes: HashMap<usize, TerminalPane>,
+    /// Monotonically increasing ID counter.
+    next_id: usize,
+}
+
+impl Workspace {
+    // ── Construction ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Create a workspace with one initial tab containing one shell pane.
+    pub fn new(shell: Option<&str>, cols: u16, rows: u16, scrollback: usize) -> Self {
+        let id = 0usize;
+        let mut panes = HashMap::new();
+        match TerminalPane::spawn(id, shell, cols, rows, scrollback) {
+            Ok(pane) => {
+                log::info!(
+                    "initial shell spawned (pid={})",
+                    pane.pty.as_ref().map_or(0, |p| p.process_id)
+                );
+                panes.insert(id, pane);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("failed to spawn initial shell: {e}");
+            }
+        }
+        log::info!("workspace created, pane count = {}", panes.len());
+        let tab = Tab {
+            name: "1".to_string(),
+            root: SplitNode::Leaf(id),
+            active_pane: id,
+        };
+        Self {
+            tabs: vec![tab],
+            active_tab: 0,
+            panes,
+            next_id: 1,
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Internal helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn current_tab(&self) -> &Tab {
+        &self.tabs[self.active_tab]
+    }
+
+    fn current_tab_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Tab {
+        &mut self.tabs[self.active_tab]
+    }
+
+    fn alloc_id(&mut self) -> usize {
+        let id = self.next_id;
+        self.next_id += 1;
+        id
+    }
+
+    // ── Pane accessors ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// The currently focused pane ID.
+    pub fn active_pane_id(&self) -> usize {
+        self.current_tab().active_pane
+    }
+
+    /// Reference to the active pane (immutable).
+    pub fn active_pane(&self) -> Option<&TerminalPane> {
+        self.panes.get(&self.current_tab().active_pane)
+    }
+
+    /// Reference to the active pane (mutable).
+    pub fn active_pane_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut TerminalPane> {
+        let id = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        self.panes.get_mut(&id)
+    }
+
+    /// Reference to any pane by ID.
+    pub fn pane(&self, id: usize) -> Option<&TerminalPane> {
+        self.panes.get(&id)
+    }
+
+    /// Mutable reference to any pane by ID.
+    pub fn pane_mut(&mut self, id: usize) -> Option<&mut TerminalPane> {
+        self.panes.get_mut(&id)
+    }
+
+    // ── Tab management ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Open a new tab with a fresh shell pane.
+    pub fn new_tab(&mut self, shell: Option<&str>, cols: u16, rows: u16, scrollback: usize) {
+        let id = self.alloc_id();
+        match TerminalPane::spawn(id, shell, cols, rows, scrollback) {
+            Ok(pane) => {
+                self.panes.insert(id, pane);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("failed to spawn shell for new tab: {e}");
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        let n = self.tabs.len() + 1;
+        self.tabs.push(Tab {
+            name: n.to_string(),
+            root: SplitNode::Leaf(id),
+            active_pane: id,
+        });
+        self.active_tab = self.tabs.len() - 1;
+    }
+
+    /// Switch to tab at `idx` (silently ignores out-of-bounds).
+    pub fn switch_tab(&mut self, idx: usize) {
+        if idx < self.tabs.len() {
+            self.active_tab = idx;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Close the tab at `idx`, killing all its panes.
+    ///
+    /// Does nothing if only one tab remains.
+    pub fn close_tab(&mut self, idx: usize) {
+        if self.tabs.len() <= 1 {
+            return;
+        }
+        let pane_ids: Vec<usize> = self.tabs[idx].root.all_panes();
+        for id in pane_ids {
+            self.panes.remove(&id);
+        }
+        self.tabs.remove(idx);
+        if self.active_tab >= self.tabs.len() {
+            self.active_tab = self.tabs.len() - 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Pane splitting ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Split the active pane along `dir`, spawning a new shell in the new slot.
+    pub fn split_active(&mut self, dir: SplitDir, shell: Option<&str>, scrollback: usize) {
+        let (cols, rows) = {
+            match self.active_pane() {
+                Some(p) => ((p.terminal.cols as u16).max(2) / 2, p.terminal.rows as u16),
+                None => return,
+            }
+        };
+
+        let new_id = self.alloc_id();
+        match TerminalPane::spawn(new_id, shell, cols, rows, scrollback) {
+            Ok(pane) => {
+                self.panes.insert(new_id, pane);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("failed to spawn shell for split: {e}");
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let active_id = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        self.current_tab_mut().root.split_at(active_id, dir, new_id);
+        self.current_tab_mut().active_pane = new_id;
+    }
+
+    /// Close the active pane.  If it is the last pane in the tab, closes the
+    /// tab instead (unless it is the last tab, in which case nothing happens).
+    pub fn close_active_pane(&mut self) {
+        let active_id = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        let panes_in_tab = self.current_tab().root.all_panes();
+        if panes_in_tab.len() <= 1 {
+            let idx = self.active_tab;
+            self.close_tab(idx);
+            return;
+        }
+        self.panes.remove(&active_id);
+        self.current_tab_mut().root.remove(active_id);
+        let new_active = self.current_tab().root.first_pane();
+        self.current_tab_mut().active_pane = new_active;
+    }
+
+    // ── Focus management ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Move focus to the next pane in tree order (wraps around).
+    pub fn focus_next(&mut self) {
+        let panes = self.current_tab().root.all_panes();
+        let cur = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        if let Some(pos) = panes.iter().position(|&id| id == cur) {
+            let next = panes[(pos + 1) % panes.len()];
+            self.current_tab_mut().active_pane = next;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Move focus to the previous pane in tree order (wraps around).
+    pub fn focus_prev(&mut self) {
+        let panes = self.current_tab().root.all_panes();
+        let cur = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        if let Some(pos) = panes.iter().position(|&id| id == cur) {
+            let prev = if pos == 0 { panes.len() - 1 } else { pos - 1 };
+            self.current_tab_mut().active_pane = panes[prev];
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Layout ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Compute the pixel [`Rect`] for every pane in the active tab.
+    ///
+    /// `tab_bar_h` pixels are reserved at the top for the tab bar.
+    pub fn layout(&self, w: f32, h: f32, tab_bar_h: f32) -> HashMap<usize, Rect> {
+        let mut out = HashMap::new();
+        let content = Rect::new(0.0, tab_bar_h, w, (h - tab_bar_h).max(0.0));
+        self.current_tab().root.layout(content, &mut out);
+        out
+    }
+
+    /// Resize every pane in the active tab to fit the new window dimensions.
+    pub fn resize_all(&mut self, w: f32, h: f32, cell_w: f32, cell_h: f32, tab_bar_h: f32) {
+        let rects = self.layout(w, h, tab_bar_h);
+        for (id, rect) in &rects {
+            let cols = rect.cell_cols(cell_w);
+            let rows = rect.cell_rows(cell_h);
+            if let Some(pane) = self.panes.get_mut(id) {
+                pane.resize(cols, rows);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Output processing ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Drain PTY output for **all** panes across all tabs.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `true` if any pane changed (i.e. a redraw is needed).
+    pub fn process_all_output(&mut self) -> bool {
+        let mut dirty = false;
+
+        for pane in self.panes.values_mut() {
+            if pane.process_output() {
+                dirty = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Collect dead panes after iteration.
+        let dead: Vec<usize> = self
+            .panes
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(_, p)| p.is_dead())
+            .map(|(id, _)| *id)
+            .collect();
+
+        for id in dead {
+            log::info!("removing dead pane {id}");
+            self.panes.remove(&id);
+            dirty = true;
+
+            // Remove from each tab's split tree; close empty tabs.
+            let mut empty_tabs: Vec<usize> = Vec::new();
+            for (idx, tab) in self.tabs.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                let count = tab.root.all_panes().len();
+                if count == 1 && tab.root.all_panes().first() == Some(&id) {
+                    empty_tabs.push(idx);
+                } else {
+                    tab.root.remove(id);
+                    if tab.active_pane == id {
+                        tab.active_pane = tab.root.first_pane();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            // Close empty tabs in reverse order to preserve indices.
+            for &idx in empty_tabs.iter().rev() {
+                if self.tabs.len() > 1 {
+                    self.tabs.remove(idx);
+                    if self.active_tab >= self.tabs.len() {
+                        self.active_tab = self.tabs.len() - 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        dirty
+    }
+
+    // ── Scrollback viewport ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Scroll the active pane's viewport up by `lines` into the scrollback buffer.
+    pub fn scroll_up_active(&mut self, lines: usize) {
+        let id = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        if let Some(pane) = self.panes.get_mut(&id) {
+            let max = pane.terminal.scrollback.len();
+            pane.scroll_offset = (pane.scroll_offset + lines).min(max);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Scroll the active pane's viewport down by `lines` (towards live output).
+    pub fn scroll_down_active(&mut self, lines: usize) {
+        let id = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        if let Some(pane) = self.panes.get_mut(&id) {
+            pane.scroll_offset = pane.scroll_offset.saturating_sub(lines);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Snap the active pane's viewport back to the bottom (live output).
+    pub fn scroll_to_bottom_active(&mut self) {
+        let id = self.current_tab().active_pane;
+        if let Some(pane) = self.panes.get_mut(&id) {
+            pane.scroll_offset = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Write to active pane ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Write raw bytes to the active pane's shell stdin.
+    pub fn write_to_active(&self, data: &[u8]) {
+        if let Some(pane) = self.active_pane() {
+            pane.write(data);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Queries ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Pane IDs for the active tab, in tree order.
+    pub fn current_tab_panes(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
+        self.current_tab().root.all_panes()
+    }
+
+    /// Number of open tabs.
+    pub fn tab_count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.tabs.len()
+    }
+
+    /// `true` when all panes in all tabs are dead (signal to exit the app).
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.panes.is_empty()
+    }
+}

winiterm/winiterm_startup.log

@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG winiterm::config] config not found at C:\Users\DG2210\AppData\Roaming\winiterm\config.lua, using defaults
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z WARN  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] InstanceFlags::VALIDATION requested, but unable to find layer: VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	No valid vk_loader_settings.json file found, no loader settings will be active
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_app_package_manifest_path: Failed to find mapping layers packages by family name
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Checking for Layer Manifest files in Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ImplicitLayers
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: opening device PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_A721&SUBSYS_8B7C103C&REV_04\3&11583659&0&10
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(1) Does not contain a value for "VulkanImplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 2 - SWD\DRIVERENUM\IGS&4&168EC99&0
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(2) Does not contain a value for "VulkanImplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 3 - DISPLAY\LGD071E\4&168EC99&0&UID8388688
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: GUID for 3 is not SoftwareComponent skipping
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 4 - DISPLAY\PHL095C\4&168EC99&0&UID8261
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: GUID for 4 is not SoftwareComponent skipping
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: found no registry files
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Located json file "C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json" from registry "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ImplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found manifest file C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json (file version 1.1.2)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Checking for Layer Manifest files in Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ExplicitLayers
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: opening device PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_A721&SUBSYS_8B7C103C&REV_04\3&11583659&0&10
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(1) Does not contain a value for "VulkanExplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 2 - SWD\DRIVERENUM\IGS&4&168EC99&0
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(2) Does not contain a value for "VulkanExplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 3 - DISPLAY\LGD071E\4&168EC99&0&UID8388688
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: GUID for 3 is not SoftwareComponent skipping
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 4 - DISPLAY\PHL095C\4&168EC99&0&UID8261
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: GUID for 4 is not SoftwareComponent skipping
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: found no registry files
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found no registry files in HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ExplicitLayers
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z WARN  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_read_data_files_in_registry: Registry lookup failed to get layer manifest files.
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z WARN  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_app_package_manifest_path: Failed to find mapping layers packages by family name
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Checking for Driver Manifest files in Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\Drivers
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_add_json_entry: Located json file "C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\iigd_dch.inf_amd64_0eac281dc2d07a5f\igvk64.json" from PnP registry: E
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found no registry files in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\Drivers
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found ICD manifest file C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\iigd_dch.inf_amd64_0eac281dc2d07a5f\igvk64.json, version 1.0.0
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Searching for ICD drivers named .\igvk64.dll
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Loading layer library C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Insert instance layer "VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK" (C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	vkCreateInstance layer callstack setup to:
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Application>
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Loader>
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Type: Implicit
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Enabled By: Implicit Layer
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	               Disable Env Var:  DISABLE_VULKAN_OBS_CAPTURE
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Manifest: C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Library:  C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Drivers>
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] Instance version: 0x404139
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] Enabling debug utils
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] Enabling device properties2
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_core::instance] Instance::new: created Vulkan backend
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::dx12::instance] Using FXC for shader compilation
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_core::instance] Instance::new: created Dx12 backend
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::gles::wgl] Enabling GL debug output
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_core::instance] Instance::new: created Gl backend
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::gles::adapter] Vendor: Intel
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::gles::adapter] Renderer: Intel(R) UHD Graphics
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::gles::adapter] Version: 4.6.0 - Build 32.0.101.7084
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::gles::adapter] SL version: 4.60 - Build 32.0.101.7084
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::gles::adapter] Supported GL Extensions: {
+        "GL_ARB_map_buffer_range",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_rg",
+        "GL_ARB_multisample",
+        "GL_ARB_robustness",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_rectangle",
+        "GL_INTEL_fragment_shader_ordering",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_draw_parameters",
+        "GL_ARB_transform_feedback_overflow_query",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_swizzle",
+        "GL_ARB_half_float_pixel",
+        "GL_ARB_seamless_cubemap_per_texture",
+        "GL_ARB_window_pos",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_basic",
+        "GL_ARB_sync",
+        "GL_SGIS_texture_lod",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_filter_anisotropic",
+        "GL_EXT_stencil_two_side",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_multisample",
+        "GL_ARB_geometry_shader4",
+        "GL_AMD_vertex_shader_viewport_index",
+        "GL_SGIS_texture_edge_clamp",
+        "GL_EXT_separate_specular_color",
+        "GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack",
+        "GL_ARB_color_buffer_float",
+        "GL_ARB_multi_draw_indirect",
+        "GL_ARB_occlusion_query",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_clustered",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_env_dot3",
+        "GL_ARB_viewport_array",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_compression_s3tc",
+        "GL_ARB_compute_shader",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_bit_encoding",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_type_10f_11f_11f_rev",
+        "GL_ARB_direct_state_access",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_ballot",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_atomic_counter_ops",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_atomic_counters",
+        "GL_INTEL_map_texture",
+        "GL_EXT_shadow_funcs",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_compression_bptc",
+        "GL_ARB_conservative_depth",
+        "GL_ARB_framebuffer_no_attachments",
+        "GL_ARB_invalidate_subdata",
+        "GL_ARB_pipeline_statistics_query",
+        "GL_ARB_draw_elements_base_vertex",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_shuffle",
+        "GL_ARB_get_texture_sub_image",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_cube_map",
+        "GL_ARB_transform_feedback3",
+        "GL_NV_conditional_render",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_border_clamp",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_query_lod",
+        "GL_INTEL_framebuffer_CMAA",
+        "GL_ARB_base_instance",
+        "GL_KHR_blend_equation_advanced_coherent",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_buffer_range",
+        "GL_EXT_shader_framebuffer_fetch",
+        "GL_EXT_packed_depth_stencil",
+        "GL_EXT_blend_color",
+        "GL_EXT_framebuffer_blit",
+        "GL_ARB_point_sprite",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_env_add",
+        "GL_ARB_bindless_texture",
+        "GL_ARB_program_interface_query",
+        "GL_ARB_depth_texture",
+        "GL_ARB_get_program_binary",
+        "GL_EXT_rescale_normal",
+        "GL_ARB_debug_output",
+        "GL_EXT_draw_range_elements",
+        "GL_ARB_buffer_storage",
+        "GL_ARB_clear_buffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_cull_distance",
+        "WGL_EXT_swap_control",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_edge_clamp",
+        "GL_SGIS_generate_mipmap",
+        "GL_ARB_ES2_compatibility",
+        "GL_ARB_uniform_buffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_depth_clamp",
+        "GL_ARB_separate_shader_objects",
+        "GL_EXT_gpu_shader4",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_mirrored_repeat",
+        "GL_ARB_robustness_isolation",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_env_crossbar",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_objects",
+        "GL_EXT_blend_subtract",
+        "GL_ARB_explicit_attrib_location",
+        "GL_ARB_fragment_shader_interlock",
+        "GL_ARB_gpu_shader_fp64",
+        "GL_ARB_enhanced_layouts",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_shuffle_relative",
+        "GL_NV_timeline_semaphore",
+        "GL_EXT_abgr",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_sRGB",
+        "GL_EXT_geometry_shader4",
+        "GL_ARB_instanced_arrays",
+        "GL_EXT_blend_equation_separate",
+        "GL_EXT_compiled_vertex_array",
+        "GL_ARB_conditional_render_inverted",
+        "GL_EXT_gpu_program_parameters",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_image_load_store",
+        "GL_ARB_transpose_matrix",
+        "GL_ARB_cl_event",
+        "GL_ARB_fragment_shader",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_storage_multisample",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_attrib_64bit",
+        "GL_EXT_bgra",
+        "GL_ARB_explicit_uniform_location",
+        "GL_EXT_timer_query",
+        "GL_SUN_multi_draw_arrays",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_env_combine",
+        "GL_KHR_debug",
+        "GL_ARB_tessellation_shader",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_group_vote",
+        "GL_ARB_fragment_program",
+        "GL_ARB_gpu_shader5",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_env_add",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_env_combine",
+        "GL_INTEL_conservative_rasterization",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_vote",
+        "GL_ARB_clear_texture",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_swizzle",
+        "GL_ARB_copy_buffer",
+        "GL_EXT_direct_state_access",
+        "GL_ARB_fragment_coord_conventions",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_quad",
+        "GL_ARB_provoking_vertex",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_snorm",
+        "GL_ARB_polygon_offset_clamp",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_subroutine",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_barrier",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_query_levels",
+        "GL_EXT_blend_minmax",
+        "GL_ARB_draw_buffers_blend",
+        "GL_EXT_memory_object",
+        "GL_EXT_clip_volume_hint",
+        "GL_AMD_depth_clamp_separate",
+        "GL_ARB_shadow",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_rectangle",
+        "GL_NV_texgen_reflection",
+        "GL_ARB_internalformat_query2",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_array",
+        "GL_ARB_gl_spirv",
+        "GL_ARB_internalformat_query",
+        "GL_EXT_packed_pixels",
+        "GL_ARB_compressed_texture_pixel_storage",
+        "GL_EXT_stencil_wrap",
+        "GL_ARB_multi_bind",
+        "GL_ARB_query_buffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_robust_buffer_access_behavior",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_array_bgra",
+        "GL_ATI_separate_stencil",
+        "GL_EXT_packed_float",
+        "GL_ARB_arrays_of_arrays",
+        "GL_ARB_shading_language_packing",
+        "GL_EXT_semaphore_win32",
+        "GL_ARB_pixel_buffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_clip_control",
+        "GL_ARB_blend_func_extended",
+        "GL_ARB_multitexture",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_precision",
+        "GL_ARB_map_buffer_alignment",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_attrib_binding",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_buffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_draw_instanced",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_rgb10_a2ui",
+        "GL_EXT_secondary_color",
+        "GL_ARB_derivative_control",
+        "GL_EXT_fog_coord",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_type_2_10_10_10_rev",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_array_object",
+        "GL_ARB_fragment_layer_viewport",
+        "GL_ARB_sample_shading",
+        "GL_ARB_ES3_1_compatibility",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_texture_image_samples",
+        "GL_OVR_multiview",
+        "GL_EXT_texture3D",
+        "GL_ARB_framebuffer_object",
+        "GL_EXT_semaphore",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_stencil8",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_view",
+        "GL_KHR_no_error",
+        "GL_IBM_texture_mirrored_repeat",
+        "GL_ARB_framebuffer_sRGB",
+        "GL_NV_blend_square",
+        "GL_ARB_fragment_program_shadow",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_compression",
+        "GL_ARB_half_float_vertex",
+        "GL_EXT_draw_buffers2",
+        "GL_AMD_vertex_shader_layer",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_storage_buffer_object",
+        "GL_EXT_framebuffer_multisample",
+        "GL_KHR_blend_equation_advanced",
+        "GL_ARB_seamless_cube_map",
+        "GL_INTEL_performance_query",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_shader",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_buffer_object_rgb32",
+        "GL_KHR_context_flush_control",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_shared_exponent",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_cube_map_array",
+        "GL_NV_primitive_restart",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_mirror_clamp_to_edge",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_float",
+        "GL_ARB_timer_query",
+        "GL_EXT_depth_bounds_test",
+        "GL_ARB_depth_buffer_float",
+        "GL_3DFX_texture_compression_FXT1",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_integer",
+        "GL_KHR_texture_compression_astc_ldr",
+        "GL_ARB_sampler_objects",
+        "GL_ARB_transform_feedback2",
+        "GL_ARB_shading_language_100",
+        "GL_ARB_draw_indirect",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_image_size",
+        "GL_ARB_indirect_parameters",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_storage",
+        "GL_ARB_post_depth_coverage",
+        "GL_ARB_transform_feedback_instanced",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_program",
+        "GL_EXT_blend_func_separate",
+        "GL_EXT_multi_draw_arrays",
+        "GL_ARB_spirv_extensions",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_sRGB_decode",
+        "GL_INTEL_multi_rate_fragment_shader",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_texture_lod",
+        "GL_EXT_shader_integer_mix",
+        "GL_WIN_swap_hint",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_storage",
+        "GL_ARB_stencil_texturing",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_non_power_of_two",
+        "GL_ATI_meminfo",
+        "GL_ARB_point_parameters",
+        "GL_EXT_framebuffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_draw_buffers",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_gather",
+        "GL_ARB_compatibility",
+        "GL_ARB_vertex_buffer_object",
+        "GL_ARB_shader_stencil_export",
+        "GL_EXT_transform_feedback",
+        "GL_EXT_texture_lod_bias",
+        "GL_ARB_copy_image",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup",
+        "GL_KHR_shader_subgroup_arithmetic",
+        "GL_ARB_ES3_compatibility",
+        "GL_EXT_memory_object_win32",
+        "GL_EXT_polygon_offset_clamp",
+        "GL_ARB_texture_compression_rgtc",
+        "GL_ARB_occlusion_query2",
+    }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_core::instance] Adapter Vulkan AdapterInfo { name: "Intel(R) UHD Graphics", vendor: 32902, device: 42785, device_type: IntegratedGpu, driver: "Intel Corporation", driver_info: "101.7084", backend: Vulkan }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_hal::vulkan::adapter] Supported extensions: ["VK_KHR_swapchain", "VK_KHR_swapchain_mutable_format", "VK_EXT_robustness2"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Inserted device layer "VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK" (C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	vkCreateDevice layer callstack setup to:
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Application>
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Loader>
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Type: Implicit
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Enabled By: Implicit Layer
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	               Disable Env Var:  DISABLE_VULKAN_OBS_CAPTURE
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Manifest: C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Library:  C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Device>
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	       Using "Intel(R) UHD Graphics" with driver: "C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\iigd_dch.inf_amd64_0eac281dc2d07a5f\.\igvk64.dll"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x1faeef2cf80, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_core::device::global] configuring surface with SurfaceConfiguration { usage: TextureUsages(RENDER_ATTACHMENT), format: Bgra8Unorm, width: 1800, height: 1200, present_mode: AutoVsync, desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2, alpha_mode: Opaque, view_formats: [] }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z INFO  wgpu_core::device::resource] Device::maintain: waiting for submission index 0
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_core::device::resource] Create view for Texture with 'glyph_atlas' label filters usages to TextureUses(RESOURCE)
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG wgpu_core::resource] Buffer with 'uniforms' label map state -> Idle
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [0] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [1] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [2] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [3] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [4] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [5] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [6] = Literal(AbstractInt(1)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [7] = Literal(I32(1)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [8] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [9] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [10] = Literal(AbstractInt(2)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [11] = Literal(I32(2)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [12] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [13] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [14] = Literal(AbstractInt(1)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [15] = Literal(I32(1)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [16] = Literal(AbstractInt(2)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [17] = Literal(I32(2)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [18] = Literal(AbstractInt(3)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [19] = Literal(I32(3)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [20] = Literal(AbstractInt(4)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [21] = Literal(I32(4)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [22] = Literal(AbstractInt(5)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [23] = Literal(I32(5)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [24] = Literal(AbstractInt(6)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [25] = Literal(I32(6)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [26] = Literal(AbstractInt(7)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [27] = Literal(I32(7)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [28] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [29] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [30] = Literal(AbstractInt(1)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [31] = Literal(I32(1)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [32] = Literal(AbstractInt(2)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [33] = Literal(I32(2)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [34] = Literal(AbstractInt(3)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [35] = Literal(I32(3)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [36] = Literal(AbstractInt(4)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [0] = FunctionArgument(0) : Handle([4])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [1] = FunctionArgument(1) : Handle([7])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [2] = LocalVariable([0]) : Value(Pointer { base: [8], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [3] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 0 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [4] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 0 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [5] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 1 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["vec2<f32>", "vec2<f32>"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [6] = Binary { op: Multiply, left: [4], right: [5] } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["vec2<f32>", "vec2<f32>"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [7] = Binary { op: Add, left: [3], right: [6] } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [8] = AccessIndex { base: [7], index: 0 } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [9] = GlobalVariable([0]) : Value(Pointer { base: [1], space: Uniform })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [10] = AccessIndex { base: [9], index: 0 } : Value(Pointer { base: [0], space: Uniform })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [11] = AccessIndex { base: [10], index: 0 } : Value(ValuePointer { size: None, scalar: Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }, space: Uniform })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [12] = Load { pointer: [11] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "f32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [13] = Binary { op: Divide, left: [8], right: [12] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [14] = Literal(AbstractFloat(2.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [15] = Literal(F32(2.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [16] = Binary { op: Multiply, left: [13], right: [15] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [17] = Literal(AbstractFloat(1.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [18] = Literal(F32(1.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [19] = Binary { op: Subtract, left: [16], right: [18] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [20] = AccessIndex { base: [7], index: 1 } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [21] = GlobalVariable([0]) : Value(Pointer { base: [1], space: Uniform })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [22] = AccessIndex { base: [21], index: 0 } : Value(Pointer { base: [0], space: Uniform })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [23] = AccessIndex { base: [22], index: 1 } : Value(ValuePointer { size: None, scalar: Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }, space: Uniform })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [24] = Load { pointer: [23] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "f32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [25] = Binary { op: Divide, left: [20], right: [24] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [26] = Unary { op: Negate, expr: [25] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [27] = Literal(AbstractFloat(2.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [28] = Literal(F32(2.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [29] = Binary { op: Multiply, left: [26], right: [28] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [30] = Literal(AbstractFloat(1.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [31] = Literal(F32(1.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [32] = Binary { op: Add, left: [29], right: [31] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [33] = AccessIndex { base: [2], index: 0 } : Value(Pointer { base: [5], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [34] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [35] = Literal(AbstractFloat(1.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [36] = Literal(F32(0.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [37] = Literal(F32(1.0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [38] = Compose { ty: [5], components: [[19], [32], [36], [37]] } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [39] = AccessIndex { base: [2], index: 1 } : Value(Pointer { base: [0], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [40] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 2 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [41] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 0 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [42] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 3 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["vec2<f32>", "vec2<f32>"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [43] = Binary { op: Multiply, left: [41], right: [42] } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["vec2<f32>", "vec2<f32>"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [44] = Binary { op: Add, left: [40], right: [43] } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [45] = AccessIndex { base: [2], index: 2 } : Value(Pointer { base: [5], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [46] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 4 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [47] = AccessIndex { base: [2], index: 3 } : Value(Pointer { base: [5], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [48] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 5 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [49] = AccessIndex { base: [2], index: 4 } : Value(Pointer { base: [0], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [50] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 0 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [51] = AccessIndex { base: [2], index: 5 } : Value(Pointer { base: [6], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [52] = AccessIndex { base: [1], index: 6 } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [53] = Load { pointer: [2] } : Handle([8])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [37] = Literal(I32(4)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [38] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [0] = FunctionArgument(0) : Handle([8])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [1] = GlobalVariable([1]) : Handle([2])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [2] = GlobalVariable([2]) : Handle([3])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [3] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 1 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [4] = ImageSample { image: [1], sampler: [2], gather: None, coordinate: [3], array_index: None, offset: None, level: Auto, depth_ref: None } : Value(Vector { size: Quad, scalar: Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 } })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [5] = AccessIndex { base: [4], index: 0 } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [6] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 3 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [7] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 2 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [8] = Math { fun: Mix, arg: [6], arg1: Some([7]), arg2: Some([5]), arg3: None } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [9] = LocalVariable([0]) : Value(Pointer { base: [5], space: Function })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [10] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 4 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [11] = AccessIndex { base: [10], index: 1 } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [12] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 5 } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [13] = Literal(U32(8)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Uint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["u32", "u32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "u32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [14] = Binary { op: And, left: [12], right: [13] } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [15] = Literal(U32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Uint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["u32", "u32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "u32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [16] = Binary { op: NotEqual, left: [14], right: [15] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [17] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.84)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [18] = Literal(F32(0.84)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [19] = Binary { op: Greater, left: [11], right: [18] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [20] = Binary { op: LogicalAnd, left: [16], right: [19] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [21] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 2 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [22] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 5 } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [23] = Literal(U32(16)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Uint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["u32", "u32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "u32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [24] = Binary { op: And, left: [22], right: [23] } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [25] = Literal(U32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Uint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["u32", "u32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "u32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [26] = Binary { op: NotEqual, left: [24], right: [25] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [27] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.74)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [28] = Literal(F32(0.74)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [29] = Binary { op: Greater, left: [11], right: [28] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [30] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.8)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [31] = Literal(F32(0.8)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [32] = Binary { op: Less, left: [11], right: [31] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [33] = Binary { op: LogicalAnd, left: [29], right: [32] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [34] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.88)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [35] = Literal(F32(0.88)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [36] = Binary { op: Greater, left: [11], right: [35] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [37] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.94)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [38] = Literal(F32(0.94)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [39] = Binary { op: Less, left: [11], right: [38] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [40] = Binary { op: LogicalAnd, left: [36], right: [39] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [41] = Binary { op: LogicalOr, left: [33], right: [40] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [42] = Binary { op: LogicalAnd, left: [26], right: [41] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [43] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 2 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [44] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 5 } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [45] = Literal(U32(256)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Uint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["u32", "u32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "u32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [46] = Binary { op: And, left: [44], right: [45] } : Handle([6])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [47] = Literal(U32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Uint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["u32", "u32"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "u32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [48] = Binary { op: NotEqual, left: [46], right: [47] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [49] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.44)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [50] = Literal(F32(0.44)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [51] = Binary { op: Greater, left: [11], right: [50] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [52] = Binary { op: LogicalAnd, left: [48], right: [51] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [53] = Literal(AbstractFloat(0.54)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractFloat, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["f32", "{AbstractFloat}"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "f32"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [54] = Literal(F32(0.54)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [55] = Binary { op: Less, left: [11], right: [54] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion] wgsl automatic_conversion_consensus: ["bool", "bool"]
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front::wgsl::lower::conversion]     consensus: "bool"
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [56] = Binary { op: LogicalAnd, left: [52], right: [55] } : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Bool, width: 1 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [57] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 2 } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [58] = Load { pointer: [9] } : Handle([5])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [39] = Literal(I32(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: Sint, width: 4 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [40] = Literal(AbstractInt(0)) : Value(Scalar(Scalar { kind: AbstractInt, width: 8 }))
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [0] = FunctionArgument(0) : Handle([8])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [1] = GlobalVariable([1]) : Handle([2])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [2] = GlobalVariable([2]) : Handle([3])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [3] = AccessIndex { base: [0], index: 1 } : Handle([0])
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::front] Resolving [4] = ImageSample { image: [1], sampler: [2], gather: None, coordinate: [3], array_index: None, offset: None, level: Auto, depth_ref: None } : Value(Vector { size: Quad, scalar: Scalar { kind: Float, width: 4 } })
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::valid::interface] var GlobalVariable { name: Some("uniforms"), space: Uniform, binding: Some(ResourceBinding { group: 0, binding: 0 }), ty: [1], init: None }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::valid::interface] var GlobalVariable { name: Some("atlas_tex"), space: Handle, binding: Some(ResourceBinding { group: 0, binding: 1 }), ty: [2], init: None }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::valid::interface] var GlobalVariable { name: Some("atlas_smp"), space: Handle, binding: Some(ResourceBinding { group: 0, binding: 2 }), ty: [3], init: None }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::valid::function] var LocalVariable { name: Some("out"), ty: [8], init: None }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z DEBUG naga::valid::function] var LocalVariable { name: Some("color"), ty: [5], init: None }
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z ERROR wgpu_core::device::global] Device::create_render_pipeline error: Error matching ShaderStages(VERTEX) shader requirements against the pipeline
+[2026-06-09T07:39:17Z ERROR wgpu::backend::wgpu_core] Handling wgpu errors as fatal by default
+
+thread 'main' (24148) panicked at C:\Users\DG2210\.cargo\registry\src\index.crates.io-1949cf8c6b5b557f\wgpu-22.1.0\src\backend\wgpu_core.rs:3411:5:
+wgpu error: Validation Error
+
+Caused by:
+  In Device::create_render_pipeline, label = 'kitty_pipeline'
+    Error matching ShaderStages(VERTEX) shader requirements against the pipeline
+      Location[7] Uint32 interpolated as Some(Flat) with sampling None is not provided by the previous stage outputs
+        Input is not provided by the earlier stage in the pipeline
+
+
+note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace

winiterm/winiterm_startup2.log

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z WARN  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] InstanceFlags::VALIDATION requested, but unable to find layer: VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	No valid vk_loader_settings.json file found, no loader settings will be active
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_app_package_manifest_path: Failed to find mapping layers packages by family name
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Checking for Layer Manifest files in Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ImplicitLayers
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: opening device PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_A721&SUBSYS_8B7C103C&REV_04\3&11583659&0&10
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(1) Does not contain a value for "VulkanImplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 2 - SWD\DRIVERENUM\IGS&4&168EC99&0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(2) Does not contain a value for "VulkanImplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 3 - DISPLAY\LGD071E\4&168EC99&0&UID8388688
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 4 - DISPLAY\PHL095C\4&168EC99&0&UID8261
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: found no registry files
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Located json file "C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json" from registry "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ImplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found manifest file C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json (file version 1.1.2)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Checking for Layer Manifest files in Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ExplicitLayers
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: opening device PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_A721&SUBSYS_8B7C103C&REV_04\3&11583659&0&10
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(1) Does not contain a value for "VulkanExplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 2 - SWD\DRIVERENUM\IGS&4&168EC99&0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_entry: Device ID(2) Does not contain a value for "VulkanExplicitLayers"
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 3 - DISPLAY\LGD071E\4&168EC99&0&UID8388688
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: Opening child device 4 - DISPLAY\PHL095C\4&168EC99&0&UID8261
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_device_registry_files: found no registry files
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found no registry files in HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\ExplicitLayers
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z WARN  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_read_data_files_in_registry: Registry lookup failed to get layer manifest files.
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z WARN  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_get_app_package_manifest_path: Failed to find mapping layers packages by family name
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Checking for Driver Manifest files in Registry at HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\Drivers
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	windows_add_json_entry: Located json file "C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\iigd_dch.inf_amd64_0eac281dc2d07a5f\igvk64.json" from PnP registry: E
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found no registry files in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Khronos\Vulkan\Drivers
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Found ICD manifest file C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\iigd_dch.inf_amd64_0eac281dc2d07a5f\igvk64.json, version 1.0.0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Insert instance layer "VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK" (C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	vkCreateInstance layer callstack setup to:
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Application>
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Loader>
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Type: Implicit
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Enabled By: Implicit Layer
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	               Disable Env Var:  DISABLE_VULKAN_OBS_CAPTURE
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Manifest: C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Library:  C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Drivers>
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] Enabling debug utils
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_core::instance] Adapter Vulkan AdapterInfo { name: "Intel(R) UHD Graphics", vendor: 32902, device: 42785, device_type: IntegratedGpu, driver: "Intel Corporation", driver_info: "101.7084", backend: Vulkan }
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	Inserted device layer "VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK" (C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	vkCreateDevice layer callstack setup to:
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Application>
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Loader>
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   VK_LAYER_OBS_HOOK
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Type: Implicit
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Enabled By: Implicit Layer
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	               Disable Env Var:  DISABLE_VULKAN_OBS_CAPTURE
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Manifest: C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\obs-vulkan64.json
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	           Library:  C:\ProgramData\obs-studio-hook\.\graphics-hook64.dll
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	     ||
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	   <Device>
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] GENERAL [Loader Message (0x0)]
+    	       Using "Intel(R) UHD Graphics" with driver: "C:\WINDOWS\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\iigd_dch.inf_amd64_0eac281dc2d07a5f\.\igvk64.dll"
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_hal::vulkan::instance] 	objects: (type: INSTANCE, hndl: 0x21acf720e00, name: ?)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:00Z INFO  wgpu_core::device::resource] Device::maintain: waiting for submission index 0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::pty::windows] spawning shell: "cmd.exe" cols=120 rows=41
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::workspace] initial shell spawned (pid=24452)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::workspace] workspace created, pane count = 1
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  wgpu_core::device::resource] Device::maintain: waiting for submission index 0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  wgpu_core::device::resource] Device::maintain: waiting for submission index 0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  wgpu_core::device::resource] Device::maintain: waiting for submission index 0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::pty::windows] child_exited: exit_code=3221225794
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::pane] pane 0 is_dead=true (pty_present=true)
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::workspace] removing dead pane 0
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::app] all panes dead — exiting
+[2026-06-09T07:43:01Z INFO  winiterm::app] all panes dead — exiting
+[2026-06-09T07:43:02Z INFO  wgpu_core::device::resource] Device::maintain: waiting for submission index 0