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z-bar-qt/network-dev/wifi-sim.sh
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2026-06-27 00:11:18 +02:00

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#!/bin/bash
# =============================================================================
# wifi-sim.sh — Virtual WiFi environment for development & testing
#
# Creates 3 dummy networks using mac80211_hwsim + hostapd:
# - FreeWifi (open, strong signal, ch 1)
# - OfficeNetwork (open, medium signal, ch 6)
# - HomeNetwork (WPA2, weak signal, ch 11)
#
# Usage:
# sudo ./wifi-sim.sh start
# sudo ./wifi-sim.sh stop
# sudo ./wifi-sim.sh status
# =============================================================================
set -euo pipefail
# --- User configuration ------------------------------------------------------
SSID_STRONG="FreeWifi" # Open network, strong signal
SSID_MEDIUM="OfficeNetwork" # Open network, medium signal
SSID_SECURE="HomeNetwork" # WPA2 network, weak signal
WIFI_PASSWORD="testpassword123"
# TX power levels in mBm (millibel-milliwatts). Higher = stronger signal.
# These affect the RSSI reported to scanning clients.
TXPOWER_STRONG=3000 # 30 dBm
TXPOWER_MEDIUM=1500 # 15 dBm
TXPOWER_WEAK=100 # 1 dBm
RUN_DIR="/tmp/wifi-sim"
# --- Helpers -----------------------------------------------------------------
die() {
echo "ERROR: $*" >&2
exit 1
}
info() { echo "[*] $*"; }
ok() { echo "[+] $*"; }
require_cmds() {
local missing=()
for cmd in "$@"; do
command -v "$cmd" &>/dev/null || missing+=("$cmd")
done
if [[ ${#missing[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
die "Missing required tools: ${missing[*]}
Install with: sudo apt install hostapd wpasupplicant iw"
fi
}
get_phy_for_iface() {
iw dev "$1" info | awk '/wiphy/{print "phy"$2}'
}
# --- Start -------------------------------------------------------------------
cmd_start() {
[[ $EUID -ne 0 ]] && die "Please run as root: sudo $0 start"
require_cmds hostapd iw ip
if [[ -d "$RUN_DIR" && -f "$RUN_DIR/interfaces" ]]; then
die "wifi-sim appears to already be running. Run 'sudo $0 stop' first."
fi
mkdir -p "$RUN_DIR"
# Snapshot existing wlan interfaces so we can identify the new ones
info "Snapshotting existing interfaces..."
BEFORE=($(iw dev 2>/dev/null | awk '/Interface/{print $2}' | grep -v '^hwsim' || true))
# Load the kernel module with 4 radios (3 APs + 1 client)
info "Loading mac80211_hwsim (4 radios)..."
if lsmod | grep -q mac80211_hwsim; then
die "mac80211_hwsim is already loaded. Run 'sudo $0 stop' or 'sudo rmmod mac80211_hwsim' first."
fi
modprobe mac80211_hwsim radios=4
sleep 1 # Give the kernel a moment to register all interfaces
# Find the interfaces created by our modprobe
AFTER=($(iw dev 2>/dev/null | awk '/Interface/{print $2}' | grep -v '^hwsim'))
NEW_IFACES=()
for iface in "${AFTER[@]}"; do
[[ ! " ${BEFORE[*]:-} " =~ " $iface " ]] && NEW_IFACES+=("$iface")
done
if [[ ${#NEW_IFACES[@]} -lt 4 ]]; then
rmmod mac80211_hwsim 2>/dev/null || true
die "Expected 4 new wlan interfaces, found ${#NEW_IFACES[@]}. Check 'dmesg' for errors."
fi
AP1="${NEW_IFACES[0]}" # Will host SSID_STRONG
AP2="${NEW_IFACES[1]}" # Will host SSID_MEDIUM
AP3="${NEW_IFACES[2]}" # Will host SSID_SECURE
CLIENT="${NEW_IFACES[3]}" # Client-side interface for your code to use
info "Interfaces assigned: AP1=$AP1 AP2=$AP2 AP3=$AP3 Client=$CLIENT"
echo "$AP1 $AP2 $AP3 $CLIENT" >"$RUN_DIR/interfaces"
# Prevent NetworkManager from fighting us over these interfaces
if command -v nmcli &>/dev/null && nmcli general status &>/dev/null 2>&1; then
info "Marking interfaces as unmanaged in NetworkManager..."
for iface in "$AP1" "$AP2" "$AP3"; do
nmcli device set "$iface" managed no 2>/dev/null || true
done
nmcli device set "$CLIENT" managed yes
fi
# Set TX power on each physical radio to simulate signal strength differences.
# mac80211_hwsim factors TX power into the RSSI reported to scanning clients.
# Note: for precise RSSI control, consider 'wmediumd' (a wireless medium daemon).
info "Setting TX power levels for signal strength simulation..."
PHY1=$(get_phy_for_iface "$AP1")
PHY2=$(get_phy_for_iface "$AP2")
PHY3=$(get_phy_for_iface "$AP3")
iw phy "$PHY1" set txpower fixed $TXPOWER_STRONG
iw phy "$PHY2" set txpower fixed $TXPOWER_MEDIUM
iw phy "$PHY3" set txpower fixed $TXPOWER_WEAK
# --- hostapd config: AP1 (open, strong, channel 1) -----------------------
cat >"$RUN_DIR/ap1.conf" <<EOF
interface=$AP1
driver=nl80211
ssid=$SSID_STRONG
hw_mode=g
channel=1
auth_algs=1
wmm_enabled=0
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
EOF
# --- hostapd config: AP2 (open, medium, channel 6) -----------------------
cat >"$RUN_DIR/ap2.conf" <<EOF
interface=$AP2
driver=nl80211
ssid=$SSID_MEDIUM
hw_mode=g
channel=6
auth_algs=1
wmm_enabled=0
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
EOF
# --- hostapd config: AP3 (WPA2, weak, channel 11) ------------------------
cat >"$RUN_DIR/ap3.conf" <<EOF
interface=$AP3
driver=nl80211
ssid=$SSID_SECURE
hw_mode=g
channel=11
auth_algs=1
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=$WIFI_PASSWORD
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
wmm_enabled=0
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
EOF
# Start a hostapd instance for each AP
info "Starting hostapd instances..."
hostapd -B -P "$RUN_DIR/ap1.pid" "$RUN_DIR/ap1.conf" \
>"$RUN_DIR/ap1.log" 2>&1 ||
{
cat "$RUN_DIR/ap1.log"
die "hostapd failed for AP1. See log above."
}
hostapd -B -P "$RUN_DIR/ap2.pid" "$RUN_DIR/ap2.conf" \
>"$RUN_DIR/ap2.log" 2>&1 ||
{
cat "$RUN_DIR/ap2.log"
die "hostapd failed for AP2. See log above."
}
hostapd -B -P "$RUN_DIR/ap3.pid" "$RUN_DIR/ap3.conf" \
>"$RUN_DIR/ap3.log" 2>&1 ||
{
cat "$RUN_DIR/ap3.log"
die "hostapd failed for AP3. See log above."
}
# Bring up the client interface so it's ready to scan/connect
ip link set "$CLIENT" up
# --- Summary -------------------------------------------------------------
ok "Virtual WiFi environment is up!"
echo ""
echo " Networks:"
echo " ┌──────────────────┬──────────┬────────┬─────────────┐"
echo " │ SSID │ Security │ Signal │ Interface │"
echo " ├──────────────────┼──────────┼────────┼─────────────┤"
printf " │ %-16s │ %-8s │ %-6s │ %-11s │\n" "$SSID_STRONG" "Open" "Strong" "$AP1"
printf " │ %-16s │ %-8s │ %-6s │ %-11s │\n" "$SSID_MEDIUM" "Open" "Medium" "$AP2"
printf " │ %-16s │ %-8s │ %-6s │ %-11s │\n" "$SSID_SECURE" "WPA2" "Weak" "$AP3"
echo " └──────────────────┴──────────┴────────┴─────────────┘"
echo ""
echo " WPA2 password : $WIFI_PASSWORD"
echo " Client iface : $CLIENT (use this in your code)"
echo ""
echo " Useful commands:"
echo " Scan for networks : sudo iw dev $CLIENT scan | grep -E 'SSID|signal'"
echo " Connect (open) : sudo iw dev $CLIENT connect \"$SSID_STRONG\""
echo " Connect (WPA2) : sudo wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -i$CLIENT \\"
echo " -c <(wpa_passphrase \"$SSID_SECURE\" \"$WIFI_PASSWORD\")"
echo " Stop simulation : sudo $0 stop"
echo ""
echo " Logs: $RUN_DIR/ap{1,2,3}.log"
}
# --- Stop --------------------------------------------------------------------
cmd_stop() {
[[ $EUID -ne 0 ]] && die "Please run as root: sudo $0 stop"
info "Stopping virtual WiFi environment..."
local had_something=false
# Kill hostapd processes via PID files
for ap in ap1 ap2 ap3; do
PID_FILE="$RUN_DIR/$ap.pid"
if [[ -f "$PID_FILE" ]]; then
PID=$(cat "$PID_FILE")
if kill "$PID" 2>/dev/null; then
info "Stopped hostapd for $ap (PID $PID)"
fi
rm -f "$PID_FILE"
had_something=true
fi
done
# Re-enable NetworkManager management for these interfaces
if [[ -f "$RUN_DIR/interfaces" ]]; then
read -r AP1 AP2 AP3 CLIENT <"$RUN_DIR/interfaces"
if command -v nmcli &>/dev/null; then
for iface in "$AP1" "$AP2" "$AP3" "$CLIENT"; do
nmcli device set "$iface" managed yes 2>/dev/null || true
done
fi
fi
# Unload the kernel module (also destroys all virtual interfaces)
if lsmod | grep -q mac80211_hwsim; then
info "Unloading mac80211_hwsim..."
rmmod mac80211_hwsim && had_something=true
fi
# Clean up runtime directory
rm -rf "$RUN_DIR"
if $had_something; then
ok "Virtual WiFi environment stopped."
else
echo "Nothing was running."
fi
}
# --- Status ------------------------------------------------------------------
cmd_status() {
if [[ ! -f "$RUN_DIR/interfaces" ]]; then
echo "wifi-sim is not running."
return
fi
read -r AP1 AP2 AP3 CLIENT <"$RUN_DIR/interfaces"
echo "wifi-sim is running."
echo ""
echo " Interfaces:"
for iface in "$AP1" "$AP2" "$AP3" "$CLIENT"; do
STATE=$(ip link show "$iface" 2>/dev/null | awk '/state/{print $9}' || echo "unknown")
CHANNEL=$(iw dev "$iface" info 2>/dev/null | awk '/channel/{print $2}' || echo "?")
printf " %-10s state=%-4s channel=%s\n" "$iface" "$STATE" "$CHANNEL"
done
echo ""
echo " Processes:"
for ap in ap1 ap2 ap3; do
PID_FILE="$RUN_DIR/$ap.pid"
if [[ -f "$PID_FILE" ]]; then
PID=$(cat "$PID_FILE")
if kill -0 "$PID" 2>/dev/null; then
echo " hostapd ($ap) PID=$PID running"
else
echo " hostapd ($ap) PID=$PID DEAD (check $RUN_DIR/$ap.log)"
fi
fi
done
}
# --- Entry point -------------------------------------------------------------
case "${1:-help}" in
start) cmd_start ;;
stop) cmd_stop ;;
status) cmd_status ;;
*)
echo "Usage: sudo $0 {start|stop|status}"
echo ""
echo " start Load mac80211_hwsim and bring up 3 virtual APs"
echo " stop Tear down all virtual interfaces and unload module"
echo " status Show current state of interfaces and processes"
echo ""
echo "Networks created on start:"
printf " %-16s open, strong signal\n" "$SSID_STRONG"
printf " %-16s open, medium signal\n" "$SSID_MEDIUM"
printf " %-16s WPA2, weak signal (password: $WIFI_PASSWORD)\n" "$SSID_SECURE"
;;
esac